(23) CHALCOPHAPS INDICA (Linn.), 
THE BRONZE-WINGED OR EMERALD DOVE. 
(PLATE 11.) 
Columba indica Linn., Syst. Nat., I p. 284 (1766); Penn, Faun. I, p. 41; 
Lath., I. Orn., II p. 598. 
Columba albicapilla id. ib., p. 597. 
Columba coeruleocephala id. ib., II p. 610. 
Chalcophaps indica Gray, List Gall. B.M., p. 18 (1844) ; Blyth, J.A.S.B., XIV 
pt. 2 p. 589; Jerdon, B.I., III p. 484; Godw.-Aus., J.A.S.B., XX XIX 
pt. 2 p. 112; Ball, Str. Feath., I p. 80; Hume, Nests and Eggs, p. 509; 
id., Str. Feath., IL p. 269; id. ib., p. 481; id. ib., IIL p. 165; Blyth 
and Wald., B. Burma, p. 147; Hume and Bourd., Str. Feath., [V p. 404; 
Inglis, ib., V p. 40; Fairbank, ib., p. 409; Butler, ib., p. 503; Hume 
and Dav., ib., VI p. 424; Ball, ib., VII p. 225; Cripps, ib., p. 298; 
Hume., ib., VIII p. 110; id., Cat. no. 798; Legge, B. Cey., p. 719; 
Vidal, Str. Feath., IX p. 75; Bing., ib., p. 195; Butler, ib., p. 421; 
Reid, ib., p. 500; Davison, ib., X p. 408; Taylor, ib., p. 464; Oates, 
B. Burma, II p. 297; Barnes, B. Bom., p. 293; Hume, Str. Feath., XI 
p- 300 ; Oates, in Hume’s Nests and Eggs, 2nd ed., II p. 263 ; Salvadori, 
Cat. B.M., XXI p. 514; Blanf., Avi. Brit. I., IV p. 26; Sharpe, Hand- 
List, I p. 84; Oates, Cat. Eggs B.M., I p. 108; Sarat Chandra Mittra, 
J.B.N.H.S., III p. 266; Blanf., ib., IX p. 186; Butler, ib., X p. 310; 
Stuart Baker, ib., p. 361; Inglis, ib, XI p. 475; Butler, ib., XII 
p. 690 ; Osmaston, ib., XVII p. 489; Mears, ib., XVIII p. 86; Osmaston, 
ib., p. 359; Harington, ib., XIX pp. 309, 365; Cook, ib., X XI p. 675; 
Hopwood, ib., p. 1214; Harington, B. Burma, p. 66. 
Chalcophaps augusta Bp., Con. Av., II p. 92 (1854) ; Ball, Str. Feath., Ip. 81; 
Hume, ib., II p. 270. 
Vernacular Names. Ram-ghugu, Raj-ghugu, Beng.; <Andi-bellaguwa, 
Tel.; Pathaki-praa, Tam. Ceylon; Nila Robeya, Cing.; Ka-er, Lepcha ; 
Muti-Ropuha, Assamese ; Gyo-sane, Gyo-sein, Burmese ; Daotualai, Cachari. 
Description.—Adult male. Fore-head and broad supercilia white, 
changing to dark blue-grey on the crown and nape; sides of the head, neck, 
shoulders, and upper-breast a deep vinous-red gradually paling on the lower- 
breast and abdomen; back, scapulars, wing-coverts and inner secondaries 
metallic emerald-green with a varying amount of bronze reflections, in a 
few individuals this bronze tint practically replacing the green; edge of 
wing, bastard-wing, primaries and greater primary-coverts dark brown ; 
secondaries the same, those next the green innermost ones with bronze 
reflections. Smallest wing-coverts and shoulder of wing vinous-red like the 
neck, sometimes more grey, bordered by a fringe of white feathers. Lower- 
back deep copper-bronze with a band across of feathers fringed with white or 
