428 Mr. T. H. Briggs on 
pillars of each, and though I have never compared them 
side by side, yet I can safely say there is no very obvious 
difference between them.” The Loti here mentioned as 
inhabiting heathy bogs was probably not Loti, Humphrey 
& West. (Lonicere), which, so far as my experience goes, 
does not inhabit marshes, but the large late Trifolii of the 
present paper. 
Now if, in all these works, all the scientific names were 
omitted, I think any one carefully reading the facts 
recorded, would come to the conclusion that, at least, 
three species or forms were included in the descriptions, 
even when only professing to describe two. All the 
authors (since Hiibner) recognise by “ Vrifolii” a small 
Zygena occurring in May and: June, with a broad black 
border to the hind-wings. If, then, dismissing 7'rifolit 
from our minds, we compare the descriptions of Loti or 
Lonicere, by which name authors seem to have meant, 
pretty unanimously, a larger insect than 7’rifolii occurring 
later in the year, we find decided contradictory evidence. 
’ Described as “ habitat in Loto corniculato,” true of 
Lonicere, but not of the marsh insect, Boisduval’s descrip- 
tion of the caterpillar being quite at variance with that 
of the marsh, or late T’rifolii, the confluency of the spots 
as “assez rare,” and “ of common occurrence,” described 
as “found in marshy places,” where Lonicerce does not 
occur, all which to my mind poimts to the conclusion, 
that Loti or Lonicere often included, beside itself, a large 
species of 5-spotted Zygena inhabiting marshy places ; but 
that often this large species, if small or not typical speci- 
mens, got included with Trifolii the early species. 
The publication of Mr. Stainton’s Manual, produced a 
change. Mr. Stainton following the continental authors, 
only allows two species, Z'rifolii and Lonicere, for the first 
time so-called in this country; the points of difference 
Mr. Stainton relies on, are, in Z'rifoli, the central pair 
of red spots large and generally united; in Lonicere, 
small and never united, and the thicker antenne, and 
broader black border to the hind-wings in T'rifolii.. This 
opinion was nearly universally accepted; a Zygcena always 
approximated to one or the other, and was classed ac- 
cordingly ; but I have found out two points from inspec- 
tion of a great many cabinets ; first—the type of the small 
