286 Dr. T. A. Chapman's Contribution to 



P. eros, icarus, A. damon, C. minimus, P. argyrognomon, 

 A. astrarche, C. phicomone, C. arcanius, v. darwiniana; 

 rather less common or scarce, A. niobe, v. eris, B. pales, 

 M. cinxia (very worn), P. hylas, A. coridon, C. sebrvs, 

 A. escheri, C. semiargiis. Not many yards off and at the 

 same level were M. aurinia, C. virgaureae, P. apollo, S. 

 carthami. The Httle Mountain Tortrix, Pamplusia mer- 

 curiana, was also common. We find these species are 

 both high and low level species. Tyndarus, eros, phicomone, 

 darwiniana, pales are certainly mountain species. On the 

 other hand, cinxia, damon, sebrus, escheri are by no means 

 high level species. 



On the 30th July I met with A. ther sites in another place, 

 a rather extended locahty, but with the butterfly more 

 frequent on certain tops of knolls where Sainfoin grew freely 

 and was in full bloom. These knolls were at an elevation 

 of about 500 ft. above the Hospice, or say 7500 ft., or roughly 

 1000 ft. above the lower habitat of A. ther sites, where both 

 the butterfly and the flowers of Sainfoin were already going 

 over. On these knolls most specimens were in fair con- 

 dition, but the butterfly had certainly been on the wing 

 some days, judging by the proportion of worn specimens. 

 I estimated tha^ the butterfly was here 10 to 14 days later 

 than at the lower locality, some 1000 ft. lower. 



On descending to Bourg d'Oisans (2360 ft.) again, on 

 Aug. 5th, weather prevented a successful search for A. 

 ther sites for some days, but from 8th to 21st it was found 

 almost anywhere where Sainfoin grew, but usually very 

 rarely in cultivated fields. It was in fair condition and 

 fresh specimens were found up till the last date. The 

 Sainfoin was, in the cultivated fields, a well-grown second 

 crop, with only here and there a few second-crop flowers. 

 When wild plants had not been cropped they were in seed, 

 and the seeds were quite ripe up to 1000 ft. above Bourg 

 d'Oisans. 



A day or two at Grenoble (22nd to 25th Aug.) afforded 

 two specimens of A. thersites in the Uriage Valley at a 

 point where Sainfoin occurred both wild and cultivated, 

 but no specimens elsewhere, though a number of P. icarus 

 were scrutinised. Again, an odd specimen was found 

 close to Grenoble where Sainfoin seemed to be wild in 

 meadows, though it may have been a survival from its 

 cultivation a number of years before. In any other places 

 where there was no Sainfoin, thersites was not seen. 



