300 Dr. T. A. Chapman's Contribution to 



ever, one exception, this is a larva that is at rest on a leaf 

 of Sainfoin and has been so for over a week, and was 

 possibly more or less at rest for some time before, but was 

 only noticed as failing to grow. It seems to be in 4th 

 instar, and its procedure seems to suggest that it thinks 

 it ought to hibernate. It is in same room as others 59°- 

 61° night, 61°-70° day temperature. 



Nine days later this larva died. It probably wished to 

 hibernate, but the temperature was too high. 



Feb. 13. Examining a number of pupae shows some 

 little variation in colouring, to some extent due to differences 

 in maturity, the tint is usually a very light olive green, 

 verging to pale ochreous, with the head almost always 

 pale brownish, contrasting with the rest of the pupa ; the 

 wings are paler, or rather more colourless, at first trans- 

 parent with greenish contents, later looking more solid and 

 white, one specimen has quite a pink shade along all 

 incisions. The dorsal vessel in mature pupae is narrower 

 and looks more deeply sunk in more solid tissues and 

 contractions are not evident, the mature pupa does not 

 show the subdorsal spots noted in the newly changed pupa. 

 In most but not in all specimens the larval skin is adherent 

 to the last segments. 



Some trace of cocoon is usually present. The larva gets 

 beneath some leaves or paper (these were the only materials 

 provided), and attaches these together with a good many 

 threads, but really a trifling amount of silk altogether, 

 and usually several threads may be called a girth ; these 

 are more evident when the larva is more exposed and " a 

 cocoon " is absent, even four or five threads occur, but 

 all separate, mostly only one or two. No feature evident 

 to the unaided eye or even by aid of a hand lens distinguishes 

 the pupa from that of icarns, or except size from coridon 

 or thetis. 



Feb. 26. A pupa that had turned practically black, as 

 all do as the period of emergence approaches, showed a 

 series of ochreous marks along the wing margins exactly 

 suggesting the orange spots of the $, this was yesterday ; 

 this morning it has emerged, a ^. 



Feb. 28, 11 a.m. A pupa close on emergence shows the 

 orange spots of the $ unmistakably and must necessarily 

 be a 9, in places the black colour has given place to a pale 

 and greyish tint, chiefly over the abdomen and wing-bases, 

 this change is due to the hairs and scales more or less 



