the Life History of Poiyommatus eros. 479 



pad or other spinning. Another specimen is quite free 

 like No. 1, and seems also less hairy. 



No. 4 is also free, No. 5 has some spinning and has 

 abdominal hairs, No. 6 is free. 



June 26. — Nos. 2-5 are showing thickening of wings 

 and darkening of eyes. No. 6 less so. 



June 27. — A parasite emerged from a brown (dead?) 

 larva. 



June 28. — Another parasite emerged. 



It is to be noted that the pupae (healthy) were formed 

 some days before the stung larvae dried up, but the 

 parasites are emerging whilst the pupae have still some 

 days to go. (They have now brown eyes and opaque 

 wings.) 



June 28. — These pupae show the fore-wings, with a 

 wide vacant margin behind them (occupied by hind- 

 wings??), and the wings have a broad margin beyond 

 where the nervures reach to. 



June 30. — 1st specimen (No. 3) emerged, eros (^. 



Five of the parasites have emerged, 2 remain unemerged. 



July 1.— 2 c^ and 2$ emerged. No. 1 (^, 2 ?, 4 $, 5 ?. 

 They emerge between half-past 7 and 8. They leave no 

 meconium in the pupa case. 



It thus appears that all my larvae were eros, and that 

 there were amongst them no icarus. 



July 3. — The last imago (No. 6) emerged — a $. Another 

 parasite. 



The latter (in pupa) was isolated, and the observation 

 was thereby verified that though the hole of emergence, 

 on the back of the last segments of the dry and hard larva 

 skin, has the appearance of a lid having been cut out leaving 

 a round hole, there is in fact no such lid and the hole is 

 made by gnawing away the material. There is no lid 

 discoverable, but a fair amount of frass-like material 

 lying about the hole, the chips or sawdust resulting from 

 the gnawing up of the stuff removed to make the opening. 



July 4. — 7th and last Rhogas bicolor emerged. 



I sent some of the parasites reared from P. eros to 

 Mr. C. Morley, who writes me that I send him " RJwgas 

 bicolor, Spin. It is a common Braconid (not Ichneumonid) 

 from Italy to England and Scotland, also taken by me in 

 Mayo. It is said to have been bred from Zygaena filipen- 

 dulae and Leioptilus tephradactylus, Hubn., only." 



