( XXV ) 



most recently arranged series, and there was the usual mixture 

 of species belonging to the three separate sections. A more 

 interesting and instructive association — as shown in the 

 specimens exhibited to the meeting — was that of model and 

 mimic under the same species. Of two specimens labelled 

 Papilio ascanius, Cram. (" Pharmacophagus " or " Aristo- 

 lochia Swallowtails "), one was P. lysithous f. mim. platydesma, 

 Rothsch. and Jord. (" Cosmodesmus " or " Kite Swallowtails "). 

 Of three specimens labelled P. agavus, Drury (" Pharmaco- 

 phagus "), one was P. lysithous f. mim. lysithous, Hiibn., 

 another form of the same " Cosmodesmus " modified by the 

 mimicry of a second " Pharmacophagus " model with a 

 pattern different from that of ascanius. Further evidence of 

 the misleading likeness between model and mimic was afforded 

 by the name Papilio hippocoon, F., given to the Danaine 

 model Amauris niavius, L., of this mimetic female of P. 

 dardanus, Brown. The Amauris exhibited to the meeting 

 was a typical West African form. The unknown naturalist 

 who was responsible for the arrangement of this little collection 

 had thus, all unconsciously, provided a striking proof of the 

 deceptive resemblance between models and mimics. 



Some details in the relationship between the mimetic 



AND THE non-mimetic PATTERNS OP PaPILIO POLYTES, L. 



Prof. Poulton exhibited examples of Papilio polytes, L., 

 which confirmed the conclusion tliat the sub-marginal red 

 spots on the hind-wing of the mimetic forms of female repre- 

 sent, and may be regarded as developed from, the sub-marginal 

 red (in the spring broods) or pale spots (in the summer broods), 

 found upon the under side and occasionally upon the upper 

 side of the non-mimetic male, and commonly developed to an 

 intermediate degree in the non-mimetic female. In the male 

 a single spot in the series — namely that in area 3, below vein 4 

 — was almost invariably smaller than any of the others, and 

 was frequently absent altogether. A similar condition was 

 shown to exist in the non -mimetic females, and also in the 

 mimetic females, where, although the whole series was more 

 largely developed, the spot in area 3 was generally smaller 

 than any of the others. An interesting difference was to be 

 observed between the two mimetic female forms common in 



