( cxxxviii ) 



the tergite part of tlie cingula is composed of two (one on 

 each, side) broadish, subovate, lateral plates ; the sternite 

 portion is merely a narrow collar articulated to a peculiar 

 organ (there is one on each side), which is developed from its 

 apex and is attached also to the tergite plates ; this organ 

 (or more or less pair of organs, it being very difficult to say 

 they have no membranous connection) has a triangular 

 base and is produced upwards in a long, finely hairy, finger ; 

 the harpagones are large, the hind margin being almost the 



ull width of the sternite and tapering but little to the apex, 

 which is irregularly terminated; they are inclined upwards. 

 The fedoeagus lies in a simple trough, is large, slightly bulbous 

 at the base and expanding somewhat at the orifice, where 

 the vesica is haired; it terminates in a long spike; there is 

 also a larger spike at the base. The structure of the tegumen, 

 the articulated cingula, and the upward inclination of the 

 clasps are, I believe, primitive characters. 



In the genus Zygaena we have evidences of an advance 



n the development of these organs ; the tegumen is larger 

 and more specialised ; the harpagones retain their upward 

 position as in Adscita, but the sedoeagus is large, with the 

 outer sheath armed with a coat of mail of sharp teeth and 

 often with a double ridge of formidable spines in addition — 

 the median organ, so prominent in Adscita and an ancient 

 character, has been lost in this genus. 



Zygaena acJiilleae, Esp., 



is a very representative species ; the tegumen is some- 

 what saddle-shaped, with the dorsal line deeply excised and 

 f orming two longish horns ; the tergite section of the cingula 

 is composed of two broadish, chitinous plates, bridged over 

 on the dorsum and fused on to the tegumen, but tapering 

 somewhat to meet the sternite part of the broadish irregular 

 cingula ; the harpagones are large and very broadly ovate, 

 studded thickly with hairs (in some species with long hairs in 

 parts and with a short brush-like arrangement in other parts) ; 

 the sedoeagus is longish, whilst the outer sheath may be long 

 or short, in different species armed with strong teeth (in pur- 

 puralis it is but a short broad collar with a double row of very 



