24-2 Mr. H. Eltringliam's Monogrcq^h of the 



H.-w. pale ochreous with black spots and markings. Fre- 

 quently there are splashes of red on the central area of the wing, 

 and when this is well developed the example may be said to 

 belong to f. venticrina, Thur. The markings of the hind- 

 marginal border are rather difficult to describe. The end of 

 each nervule is black for a distance of 2 to 3 mm., and there is a 

 narrow black line round the margin. Upon this line stand 

 rather sharply pointed black internervular arches, their central 

 points being produced inwardly as short internervular rays. 

 Each of these rays touches inwardly the middle of a second 

 internervular arch, the secondary arches having their apices 

 pointing towards the margin. The rather complicated pattern 

 so formed is distinctly wider in areas 2 and 3 than elsewhere. 

 In the venturina form the internervular rays are red instead of 

 black and may project outwardly into the primary arches. In 

 some cases the secondary arches are flushed with red along their 

 inner edge. The spots are sometimes large and confluent, but 

 more usually small and separate. There is a discal row of nine, 

 but those in 3 and 6 are sometimes absent. The first five (in 7 

 to 3) form a fairly regular curve nearly parallel to apical margin, 

 the line then curves sharply round towards the inner margin. 

 In addition to these spots there is some irregular black at base, 

 a spot in 8 against precostal, one in 7, two in cell, one on disco- 

 cellulars, and one in Ic, lb, and la, tliat in lb being further 

 from base than the other two. 



Head black, with a pale line between the eyes and two reddish 

 tufts on the collar. Thorax and abdomen black above, with 

 reddish yellow lateral spots. Claws unequal. 



$ . Expanse 44-60 mm. The $ of this species is so exces- 

 sively variable that it is scarcely possible to describe every form 

 which it may assume. There are before me sixteen examples 

 selected from a very long series. These sixteen examples are all 

 different, and every grade of intermediate may be found. The 

 only constant feature seems to be the spotting of the h.-w. under- 

 side and the black linear spot on the h.-w. upperside discocellu- 

 lars. The forms selected may be thus shortly described : — 

 (a) Like the ^ , but with a brownish suft'usion at base of wings, 



and two blackisli marks near base of f.-w., lb. 

 (6) Like ^ , but much paler. F.-w. apical black completely 



enclosing a pale ochreous patch. H.-w. marginal spots 



all touching the margin, and the black border about 



5 mm. wide in 2 and 3. 

 ((•) Like (6), but very pale dusky ochreous. F.-w. subapical 



patch white. 



