402 Dr. T. A. Chapman on the 



April 27. — Must have now acquired mature pupal 

 colouring, although the wings are still so transparent that 

 all the tracheae of the neuration are very distinct. The 

 length is 8*5 mm.; the colour is green, rather dark, slightly 

 approaching olive. There is a dark dorsal band down the 

 abdominal segments, which is rather dorsal vessel than 

 actual colouring. There is no trace of the oblique bands, 

 that were quite conspicuous at first, after change, of much 

 the same aspect as the dorsal band, which was then 

 probably like them, persistence of larval colouring, rather 

 than as now apparently structural. The glazed eyes are 

 black, and there is a faint brownish tone about the head. 

 The cast larva skin adheres to the last segment, much as 

 in corydon and thetis. The waist is marked by a slight 

 dorsal depression, but seen from above the waist does not 

 exist. The width is about 3'8 mm. at third abl. segment, 

 tapering very slightly forwards. 



May 4. — The wings are assuming a brownish tone, and 

 the tracheae are becoming obscured, but still visible near 

 the base. 



May 10. — The further change yesterday was only some 

 increase of opacity and brownness, but this morning the 

 wings are nearly black. 



May 11. — Emerged at 10.25 a.m. and expanded wings 

 rapidly ; a $, had no difficulty in leaving the pupa case, 

 though that was quite loose and unattached. 



I had at the same time as the A. pherdes, ova of 

 L. orhitulus and V. opUldc, and some comparative notes 

 are of interest. 



Z. orhitulus fed up in a must healthy way on Soldanella, 

 so much so as to imperil my stock of the food-plant. 



The great mass of them went into hibernation in the 

 third instar, but several went on into the fifth and last, 

 and from this I bred one ? specimen, now in Mr. 

 Bethune-Baker's collection. 



V. optiUte, presented a variation in the duration of the 

 egg-state that questions of temperature and climate do 

 not seem to me sufficiently to account for. I sent eggs of 

 V. optiletc and L. pheretcs to Mr. Tonge (from Poutresina), 

 and both hatched almost immediately he received them. 

 Of those kept at Pontresina, Z. orhitulus and A. pheretes 

 hatched a week to ten days after being laid, but those 

 of optilcte did not hatch, and were still unhatched when 

 I returned home, and learned that those sent to Mr. 



