( Hi ) 



arboreal species in Chiiindn (apart from lihcmipholion marshalli) 

 that have not yet come within my ken. 



" Birds, however, are abundant iu both types of country. 

 Bird species are more plentiful in the open country, bird- 

 population to the acre greater, probably, in the forest ; but 

 in this connection it must be remembered that the forest- 

 birds liave several ' upper storeys ' to work, the forest trees 

 running from 100 to 180, and exceptionally, 200 feet in height, 

 against the 30 feet or so of the open woodlands, — and the 

 view to take of this sort of thing must be a ' cubic ' not a 

 ' square ' one ! Again, owing to the greater density of the 

 cover Id the forest, the insect population is probably, taking 

 the year round, relatively greater. 



" I should imagine that there may be very little to choose 

 between the forest and the veld in the matter of severity of 

 selection. And that the veld-factors are capable of producing 

 as good mimicry as the forest ones seems to be well shown in 

 the Danaida combination. 



" May not the phenomenon you refer to be, in part, depend- 

 ent on the larval food-plant 1 



"Thus Banaklas food-plant here consists of various species 

 of Asclepias, a genus that I have not found inside the forest. 

 On the other hand the food-plant of A. alhimaculata occurs 

 only in forests or in dense thickets, I do not know those of 

 our other DcuKiinae, but, seeing that these belong to the same 

 genus as A. cdbimaculata, it seems just possible that they may 

 feed on the same or some closely allied plant with, perhaps, 

 the same habitat. That is to say, each of the ' models ' of 

 our main local associations is perhaps confined to a large extent 

 to its particular type of country by the fact that its larval food- 

 plant is found there and there only, and it is natui-al to 

 suppose that its future mimics may Jiave been determined on 

 the same basis. 



" It is also interesting to note, in this connection, that 

 Danaida here never enters the forest, while the various 

 species of Avuiuris constantly wander away from it. All our 

 Danainae appear to be sun-loving insects, none are shade- 

 loving as are Alerica and Etipliaedra; obviously therefoi-e it 

 is not this consideration that causes Amaaris to make the 



