( Ixxx ) 



kinds of hairs. First, long thick hairs, having a smooth and 

 innocuous surface. These are most numerous on the peri- 

 pheral portion of the tuft, in fact all the hairs here seem to be 

 of the smooth kind, but they occur also in considerable 

 numbers throughout. 



Secondly, there are great masses of very fine hairs which 

 for a portion only of their length are covered with irregular 

 sharp jagged processes. A bundle of these hairs, when highly 

 magnified, presents much the appearance of a tangle of 

 brambles. These hairs are quite different from the large 

 hairs of the larva. Also it is to be noted that it is the basal 

 end of the hair which is spiny, so that when the moth has 

 made a tuft over its eggs the spiny part will be uppermost, 

 and so in the position to be first touched by an enemy. 

 Thirdly, and this seems the most remarkable fact, theie are 

 amongst the two kinds of hairs already described, great 

 numbers of little spicule hairs apparently precisely similar to 

 those found in such px'ofusion on the larva. One is at first 

 tempted to suppose that these may in fact be derived from 

 the larval skin in the cocoon, but unless the moth in emerging 

 deliberately thrusts aside the pupal skin and brushes that of 

 the larva with its tail, it seems difficult to understand how it 

 can acquire them from any external source, and it therefore 

 seems probable that the moth can grow these spicules just as 

 the larva does. I am taking measures to find out how these 

 spicule hairs are acquired, but meanwhile there is no doubt 

 that any small bird attempting to pick out the eggs from the 

 tuft which protects them would first get a mouthful of some 

 thousands of these irritating little objects. 



The anal tuft of P. chrysorrhoea diifers, in that there is in 

 it a much larger number of smooth and inoffensive hairs, but 

 as if to make up for the greater leaven of innocence, the long 

 urticating hairs are covered with prickles over nearly their 

 entire length, whilst the spicule hairs are lurking amongst 

 them just as in P. similis. As one would expect, the analogous 

 structure in the male moth contains neither spiny hairs nor 

 spicules. 



To return to Anaphe infracta, the urticating hairs of the 

 female are of quite different structure to those in the two 



