Mimicry of Ants by other Arthropods. 311 
parasite. This is a case of olfactory mimicry. [Rev. 
Zool. Africa, 7, 216 (1920).] 
9. Mimicry of Myrmecophiles found together with them 
in the same ants’ nests—Myrmecophile mimics of Myrme- 
cophiles. The ‘‘ Lady-bird ” Coccinella distincta is a good 
example of such mimicry, for it superficially resembles: the 
beetle Clythra 4-punctata, and both are found in and about 
the nests of Formica rufa. This is an instance of Miillerian 
mimicry, as I have shown the Clythra to be distasteful to 
‘““insectivorous animals,’ and the Coccinellidae are known 
to be so. 
Another example which may be similar to the above is 
that of an Ichneumonid, Microcryptus nigrocinctus, several 
females of which I found in company with a number of 
Myrmedonia collaris in a nest of Myrmica laevinodis at 
Wicken Fen. The head, elytra, and tip of the abdomen 
of the beetle are black, and the rest of the surface bright 
red, and as the Ichneumon is coloured in a similar manner, 
they bear a strong superficial resemblance to each other. 
10. Resemblance to inanimate objects by Myrmecophiles 
—Protective Resemblance. Before leaving the subject of 
Mimicry, it may be as well to refer briefly to a few cases 
of protective resemblance among ants’ guests. Species 
of the genus Monotoma when at rest look like bits of wood; 
and it has already been pointed out that the Myrmedonias, 
in their second line of defence, feign death and resemble 
fragments of earth; while the larval cases of Clythra and 
Cryptocephalus and the pupal case of Cetonia, etc., look 
like lumps of earth in the nest—these last being examples 
of “‘ adventitious” or allocryptic resemblance. Amphotis 
marginata, a true guest, is very like a bit of bark, and it is 
often found under, or on the bark of trees inhabited by its 
hosts. To these, other instances might be added. 
