on the Biononucs of Southern Nigerian Insects. 337 
Riley, The Rev. Canon K. St. Aubyn Rogers, M.A., Hugh 
Scott, M.A., Se.D., Miss Lorrain Smith, T. A. Sprague, 
O. Stapf, Ph.D., F.R.S., G. Talbot; W. H. T. Tams, and 
Rowland E. Turner. 
Although the present memoir cannot claim the precision 
and condensation of a formal scientific paper, it is given, 
by the author’s letters, a character and charm of its own. 
We are often made to feel as though we were present with 
the writer and sharing all his enthusiasm and delight. 
For this reason a statement made in an earlier letter is 
retained in a later one if its omission would weaken the 
freedom and force of a description. 
Furthermore, the author’s letters bring home to us more 
intimately than would be possible in more formal writings 
the stimulating and encouraging knowledge that one who, 
at the start, was not an Entomologist, one whose days 
were filled and overfilled with other work, should have 
been able to do so much for Entomological science. 
A. OBSERVATIONS ON LEPIDOPTERA, 
ESPECIALLY THE LIFE-HISTORIES 
OF LYCAENIDAE IN THEIR RELA- 
TIONS TO ANTS. 
I. LIPTENINAE: INTRODUCTORY NOTE (E.B.P.). 
Almost nothing was known of the life-history and earlier 
stages of the Lipteninae until the publication of W. A. 
Lamborn’s paper in Trans. Ent. Soc., 1913, p. 436. Auri- 
villius, in ‘* Rhopalocera Aethiopica,”’ gives only two refer- 
ences—(1) to Roland Trimen’s brief account and figures of 
the larva and pupa of Durbania amakosa Trim. (** South 
African Butterflies,” vol. 11, 1887, p. 216; vol. 1, 1887, pl. ui, 
figs. 2, 2a); (2) to his own paper in Ent. Tidskr. (vol. xvi, 
1895, p. 207, pl. ui, figs. 1, la, 1b), describing Sjéstedt’s 
discovery of a larva and two pupae of Hewitsonia kirbyi 
Dewitz on the whitish grey, rather mottled bark of a tree. 
_ They closely resembled the bark and were very difficult to 
find. The description of both stages and the figure of 
