on the Bionomics of Southern Nigerian Insects. 353 
they are lichen-feeders, but I intend to examine the frass. 
They won’t feed in captivity. 
The Hewitsonia larvae, by the way, are in no sense 
ant-attended. They keep in the track of the ants and 
rest in crevices in the bark quite near the nest. The ants 
do not heed them. I think they are protected by their 
hairs and bristles. The ants unwittingly protect them 
from other foes. 
Nov. 24, 1915.—I was so astonished at the Shagamu, 
one being an Hpitola [honorius|. The larva in form is 
exactly the same as that of the Hewitsonia; only the 
brown colour is different. They look more like moth 
larvae. I send you one or two which are unfortunately 
not normal in size and aspect. I found seven at Shagamu 
which looked as if they might be about ready for pupation, 
so I put them in tins with fixed bits of bark for transport 
as I had to keep travelling, but only one pupated. The 
rest tried and failed, so that they are little more than 
skins. I am to send next mail one or two good Hewitsonia 
larvae [not received] and you will be better able to judge 
their characters; so far as I can make out Lamborn never 
saw the Hpitola [honorius| larvae. 
The Hewitsonia larvae are never attacked on the tree, 
but in a small tube where free movement was prevented, 
one of several enclosed ants got in between the hairs and 
proceeded to bite the larva to its great distress. I think 
they are night-feeders, for in the daytime they are quite 
passive. 
I am so curious to hear what the relationships of the 
Hewitsonias and Epitolas are. The Shagamu Fpitola, 
with its brown larva, in its larval stage is as like to a 
Hewitsoma larva in characters, down to the foot “ gland,” 
as any two larvae with different colours can be. They are 
not like any other larvae I know. As a further point I 
may mention that several Hewitsonia larvae exactly the 
same in colour as these here, occurred on the same tree 
with the Epitola brown ones at Shagamu. I got some of 
the ants, but they moulded extremely badly and got 
destroyed, but the ant is almost certainly the same as 
the one on the tree here—a small Cremastogaster. On a 
tree at another place on the same trek I saw a Hewitsonia 
larva on a tree associated with a Cremastogaster of about 
the same size, but with a reddish-brown abdomen. [The 
ant is probably Crem. buchneri Forel, x.’ clariventris Forel, 
