South- African Butterjlies. 71 



central projection towards hind-margin. Hind-wing : 

 basal region unclouded by paler brown; an indistinct, 

 longitudinal, bifurcate, black streak in cell ; transverse 

 belt almost white, narrower than above, especially in its 

 central portion; the adjacent spots, just beyond cell, 

 smaller, nearly white ; sub-marginal spots obsolete, or but 

 very faintly indicated ; orange spot wanting, or repre- 

 sented by a few scales. 



9 . Ground-colour not so dark ; yellow markings 

 duller, broader. Fore-iving : supical roiv of spots prolonged 

 to sub-median nervure by five additional spots, the first of 

 which is confluent with third spot of transverse band. 

 Hind-iving : before sub-marginal spots, a roio {continuous 

 of that in fore-wing) of yellowish lunulate spots between 

 nervules, terminating- in a conspicuous orange lunule 

 (much larger than in S) '> yellow indentation of margin 

 beyond this lunule sometimes tinged with orange. Un- 

 derside. — Fore-iving : most of sub-marginal spots well- 

 marked. Hind- wing : inner row of spots partially repre- 

 sented, the orange lunule distinct. 



P. Euphranor should be placed in that section of the 

 genus of which P. Hesperus, Westw., * has hitherto been 

 the solitary representative. It differs but very slightly 

 in structure, the costa of the fore-wings being rather less 

 arched than in P. Hesperus, and the apical region not 

 quite so much produced ; while the tails of the hind- 

 wings are much broader at the base and less spatulate. 

 P. Euphranor is a much smaller species ; and its upper- 

 side markings present more general resemblance to those 

 of P. Thersander, Fab., and allies, than to those of 

 P. Hesperus. The colouring of the underside is, how- 

 ever, very similar in Hesperus and Euphranor, particu- 

 larly in the hind-wings, where the transverse white bands 

 and extra-cellular spots (the latter not present on upper- 

 side in Hesperus) are almost identical in form and posi- 

 tion. A smaller, but not unimportant sign of affinity is 

 also found on the underside of the hind-wings of both 

 species, consisting in a peculiar arrangement of the 

 scales, which gives the greater portion of the surface a 

 very fine transversely-ribbed appearance, not observed in 

 any other African species of Papilio. Euphranor is easily 

 to be distinguished from the Thersander group by the 

 unspotted, uniform blackness of its tails. 



* Arcana Eutomologica, i. p. 189, pi. 48. (A species iuhabiting the 

 Gold Coast, Western Africa). 



