66 Dr. G. B. LongstafFs Notes on the Butterflies 



cultivated ground ; tins is sufficiently distinct from C. 

 phlmas, but has no especial oriental glamour. 



From the ground by the roadside I picked up a large 

 newly-emerged Boinbyx with the awe-striking name of 

 Trdbala vishnu, Lefevre ; it was unfortunately a good deal 

 damaged in the killing, through having no oxalic acid 

 available. Two Blues, Cyaniris vardhana, Moore, and Zizera 

 mafia, Koll., var. diluta, Feld., together with the Hairstreak, 

 Ilerda sena, completed the bag for this stage. 



Theog, 7400 ft., to Matidna, 7700 ft. 

 October 11th and 16th. 



At Theog, our first halting-place, Gonepteryx rhamni, var. 

 nvpalensis, was especially common, and here I took my 

 first Athyma opalina, Koll., a Vanessid resembling on both 

 upjser and lower surfaces Limenitis sibylla, L., an insect to 

 which it is closely allied in structure and habits. 



On the road, besides Ilerda sena, Chrysophanus pavana, 

 Precis orithyia, and Aryynnis lathonia, var. isszea, Moore, 

 several things turned up. Of Pyrantels cardui, L., a fresh 

 brood appeared to have emerged on the 15th or 16th October, 

 and was common at the flowers of a straw-coloured thistle. 

 I saw a few more Athyma opalina, and secured one. In 

 their elegant floating flight one seems to see through the 

 white markings of the butterflies of this genus. The 

 Simla school-boys call them "Sailors," but to me the name 

 "Ghosts" would seem more appropriate. They settle on 

 the leaves of trees or shrubs, rarely affecting flowers. Here 

 I got my first Precis lentonias, L., an insect with the habits 

 (and structure) of a Vanessid, but with much the appearance 

 of Pararge mgeria, L. A specimen of Terias libythea, F., 

 taken on the return journey, bears the note " easy to 

 catch," which is true, but at the time I do not think that 

 I distinguished it from the much commoner T. hecahe, 

 which it closely resembles. 



At Matiana I found Chrysophanus phlmas, var. timeus ; 

 Vanessa kashmirensis ; Precis orithyia ; and two specimens 

 of Huphina nerissa, F., both males. This last is a somewhat 

 glorified P. napi, L.; one of them appeared to have a 

 slight scent which I could not describe, but certainly it 

 was not that of the male napi. 



Perhaps the most abundant butterfly at Matiana, and 

 indeed throughout the woods of the district, was Cyaniris 



