Observed in a tour through India and Ceylon. 67 



singalensis, Moore, very like our argiolus ; it was in poor 

 condition, flying about the tops of tall shrubs, but not 

 seeming to affect either ivy or holly, although both were 

 there. 



Pararge schakra was especially abundant at Matiana 

 and on the road thence to Narkanda. It differs from our P. 

 megxra, L., in being larger and having more striking ocelli, 

 though these are variable, one of my specimens, a female, 

 having the ocellus near the tip of the fore-wing far larger 

 than the rest. In its habits this insect sometimes reminds 

 one of P. megmra, sometimes oiSatyrus scmele, L. It abounds 

 along roads and in bare places, alighting almost always on the 

 earth or on rocks, with its wings expanded (as with meg/era), 

 but when it settles down to rest the wings are raised, the 

 fore-wings drawn back within the hind-wings, all that 

 remains visible being the colour of dust. In no case did I 

 see it turn on one side as S. semele does, but three times I 

 observed it settle with its back to the sun, so as to reduce 

 its shadow to a mere line; unfortunately I made this 

 observation towards the end of my acquaintance with the 

 butterfly, so was unable to make sure whether this was a 

 mere chance or a definite habit. At any rate, I did not 

 observe any instances to the contrary. I suspected in 

 . P. schakra the existence of a very slight- sweet scent, that 

 appeared to be unlike that of any other species. 



At Matiana I beat out of alders a number of geometers, 

 three Philereme variegata, Warr., and one Cidaria niphonica, 

 Butl.; they had a jerky flight, which saved many of them 

 from capture. A Deltoid, Hypena tristalis, Leder., came to 

 light at night. 



Matiana, 7700 ft., to Narkanda, 8800 ft. 



October 12th and loth. 



Many of the same insects were met with as on the 

 previous stage, but the following may be noted : Terias 

 hecabe, my first specimen of the commonest species of a 

 very characteristic Indian genus; Ganoris canidia, Sparrm., 

 a White like P. rapm, L., but with bigger black spots ; and 

 Belcnois mesentina, flying fast and going straight ahead in a 

 purposeful manner. Here I may remark that the swift 

 flight of the Whites generally has much impressed me ; 

 it is evidently closely related to the fact that they are 



