Observed in a tour through India and Ceylon. 75 



Lantana, and Bougainvillea. When feeding it settles for 

 a few moments only, fluttering with its wings the while ; 

 then it is not hard to catch, but when rushing from place 

 to place it is far otherwise. In colouring it is very like 

 P. maohaon, but far less handsome ; the yellow ground- 

 colour is often quite pale and bright when the insect is 

 fresh, but it usually turns much darker and duller; I sus- 

 pect that cyanide hastens this process. At Lahore also I 

 first came across another very common Indian butterfly, 

 Papilio pammon, L. ; its graceful form and flight and rich 

 velvety-black coat at first excited me so much that I 

 had great difficulty in catching it ! Naturally enough I 

 followed Linnaeus in taking the sexes for different species : 

 he called the male pammon, and the very different female, 

 Wallace's second form, polytes. At Lahore it especially 

 affected the flowers of Bougainvillea and a shrub with 

 blossoms like in colour and scent to, but much larger than, 

 those of white jasmine. Like P. crithonius it flew rapidly 

 from flower to flower and fluttered while feeding. The 

 female taken here was of Wallace's second form (polytes) ; 

 among the males was a dingy variety with scarcely any 

 orange on the under-side of the hind-wings. 



Limnas chryiippus was abundant, more especially at the 

 flowers of Asolepias (the food-plant) ; amongst them was a 

 dwarf female. Tirumala limniace was scarcely common. 



Of Catopsilia pomona, F., I only netted one female, but 

 believe I saw others ; it visits flowers high up on trees. 

 C. pyranthe was abundant ; it flies fast and high and is 

 hard to catch; it was fond of settling on the flowers of 

 duranta on the tops of high hedges, forming a pretty 

 contrast with the lilac-blue racemes. 



Terias hecabe, both sexes, was fairly common ; it flew 

 slowly and near the ground. The black and white 

 Teracolus puellaris, Butl., was also fairly common ; perhaps 

 it owes its name to the child-like simplicity of its dress. It 

 flies near the ground, but so jerkily as to be somewhat 

 hard to catch. It has the habit of flying into bushes, by 

 preference those well provided with thorns, and not coming 

 out again. Of T. protractus, Butl, I could only get two 

 specimens; its salmon-pink colour with broad black margins 

 dusted with blue-grey make it one of the most beautiful 

 little butterflies that I came across; its dress is all in 

 exquisite taste, the under-side being a quiet greenish- 

 yellow that must greatly protect it when at rest. 



