Observed in a tour through India and Ceylon. 89 



of burrs, that curse of "up-country " collecting, though the 

 unsuspected prickles of innocent-looking palms to some 

 extent took the place of the latter. 



Some of the species seen near the centre of the city, in 

 the Eden Gardens, were conspicuous by their absence, 

 e. g. Limenitis procris, Precis lemonias and Hypolimnas 

 misippus. 



The four common Danaids, Tirumala limniace, Crastia, 

 core, Limnas genutia and L. chrysippus, were not so 

 common as might have been expected, probably owing to 

 the scarcity of the flowers they love. In the last-named 

 species I was able once more to confirm the presence of a 

 distinct, but not strong, odour suggestive of cockroaches. 

 A few Papilio polytes, both sexes, gave to the assemblage 

 that air of distinction which the genus always has. Among 

 the more sombre things, most frequent under the shade 

 of groves, were a number of Mycalesis indistans, Moore, 

 together with one M.p)crseus, Fab., which so far as observed 

 have no " list " when at rest. In the shade also were two 

 or three Melanitis ismene, Cr. Close down among the 

 herbage together with Yphthima hilbneri there were flying 

 large numbers of Y. philomela, certainly a gregarious 

 species. 



Precis almana was noted and P. atlites, Joh., here came 

 under my observation for the first time, but in poor con- 

 dition; it is then a rather ghostly-looking butterfly though 

 a somewhat strong flier ; this last is also true of Atclla 

 plialanta. A single specimen of my old Amritzar friend 

 Euthalia garuda was observed, as before, to settle with its 

 wings fully expanded and closely appressed to the ground. 

 Elymnias undularis was in abundance ; it is especially 

 addicted to the characteristically Indian butterfly habit of 

 flying into or through bushes, and even of flying about 

 inside bushes. It is clearly gregarious, several specimens 

 flying about and in one palm-bush, its food-plant. The 

 male is very striking on the wing, and when settled, even 

 though the under-side is somewhat leaf-like, it is yet 

 quite conspicuous. The female, on the other hand, is on 

 the wing a very fair mimic of Limnas genutia, but its 

 flight is weaker. 



Catopsilia pyranthe and G. pomona were both rather 

 common ; Tcrias hecabe was abundant, and, as usual, 

 gregarious. 



In half-shaded spots an occasional Nychitona xiphia 

 flitted slowly along close to the ground. Ergolis ariadne, 



