Observed in a tour through India and Ceylon. Ill 



rolling table-land with an average altitude of from 6500 ft. 

 to 7500 ft. This plateau consists for the most part of 

 grassy downs with here and there," sholas," or thickets of 

 mixed growth, very beautiful at this time of the year 

 owing to the red colour of the young leaves of the pre- 

 ponderant tree. Unfortunately, alike for the entomologist 

 and the artist, these " sholas " have been largely cut down 

 to make way for the extensive Government plantations 

 of eucalyptus, which are by comparison dreary and 

 monotonous. 



On the way up the cog-wheel railway I saw on the side 

 of the cutting two beautiful blue-green Papilios, which 

 may have been either P. telephus, Feld., or P. teredon, 

 Feld. At about 4500 ft. I netted a Ncptis varmona from 

 the train in motion. 



It was evidently too early in the year to get many 

 butterflies at Utakamand, the elevation making the nights 

 cool, so it was necessary to seek out sheltered flowery banks 

 facing south, or preferably south-east. In two such spots 

 within a very circumscribed area Talicada nyseus was 

 common ; a single example also occurred [along with the 

 inevitable Pyrameis cardui] on the grassy top of an isolated 

 and exposed peak of about 8000 ft. This Lycaenid is quite 

 typical of " South India and Ceylon " ; it is a conspicuous 

 insect on the wing, its tricolour of black, white and orange- 

 red, which should delight German entomologists, making 

 it look larger than it really is. 



Terias hecabe was rather common, but worn. A female 

 Lycsena bsdica and several Pyrameis, indica were also old 

 friends, and the same applies to two or three Papilio 

 aristolochim seen at flowers in the hotel garden, the latter a 

 good deal the worse for wear. 



A few Yphthima chenui, Guer., occurred at about 7800 ft., 

 the only Satyrid I met with at Utakamand. Ganoris canidia 

 flew up to 8000 ft. ; a male had a distinct smell like that 

 of our Picris rapte. I submitted the living butterfly to 

 my daughter and her lady friend, who both noticed the 

 scent, though unable to describe it. When mignonette 

 was suggested for comparison they both said " No " ; but 

 when sweet-briar was mentioned they said it was like 

 that, my daughter speaking the more confidently of the 

 two. 



At about 7400 ft. I took a female Gcdophaga paulina, and 

 also a fine female of Hiposcritia narendra [Moore], quite a 



