Observed in a lour through India and Ceylon. 135 



It will be noted that this list includes no Limnas, but 

 does include two Tirumala septentrionis, and two Papilios 

 with conspicuous red " warning marks." 



In Ceylon a bird was seen to make a swoop at a male 

 Gatophaga paulina, but missed it. I may here add that at 

 Yokohama, May 19th, 1904, I saw a dragon-fly of moderate 

 size, Orthetrum japonicum, Uhler, carry off a Blanaida 

 goschkevilschii ; this is a butterfly resembling a very large 

 Pararge megsera ; it did not appear to struggle at all. 



Sideways attitude or " list " token at Best. 



In December, 1878, Col. C. T. Bingham noticed this rest- 

 ing attitude in a species of Mclanitis, but the account was 

 not published till many years afterwards.* E. H. A.'s 

 papers in the " Times of India," which contained a refer- 

 ence to this habit in M. ismene (p. 203), reappeared as " A 

 Naturalist on the Prowl" in 1894. 



In the summer of 1903 Dr. Dixey and I noticed this 

 habit in several British Satyrids at Mortehoe, N. Devon. 

 In Epincphele janira the list may amount to 15° — 30° ; in 

 E. hyperanthus (G. B. L., 1894) to 20°; in Pararge mgeria 

 and P. megmra to 25° ; but in Satyrus semele it reaches 40° 

 or even 50°. This list may be to right or left in the same 

 individual. The insects appear to settle in the upright 

 position, then to draw the fore-wings partly within the 

 hind-wings, and by a third distinct movement to throw 

 themselves over to one side or the other. 



To the above insects having this habit I can now add 

 the following Indian Satyrids : — 



Mycalesis indistans, slight list. 

 Hipparehia parisatis, 20° to 30°. 

 Aulocera sicaha, 45° to 50°. 



In the last-named species the same individuals were 

 observed sometimes to go over to the right, sometimes to 

 the left ; one was seen to make three efforts, getting further 

 over each time. A specimen of H. parisatis was observed 

 walking about with a list of 20°. 



To these observations I may add that at Yokohama, May 

 19th, 1904, Blanaida gosehJcevitschii, a Satyrid like a large 

 P. megmra, was observed with a list of 40°. 



There is no doubt that this sideways attitude makes the 

 insects less conspicuous when resting on a fiat surface, but 



* See extracts from Col. C. T. Bingham's Diary for December, 

 1878, quoted in Trane. Ent. Soc, 1902, p. 363. 



