210 Dr. T. A. Chapman on the 



for getting rid of skin. Wings not yet descended fully 

 on to 4th abdominal. 



1.15. Various movements apparently for forcing fluid 

 forward and expanding wings, etc. 



1.18. The attachment of the loop is just opposite the 

 eyes of the pupa ; wings, etc., and head above loop swollen 

 and knobbed, below smooth and tapered. 



1.22. Occasional movements, but on the whole resting, 

 wings not quite down. Hangs much like an ordinary 

 Papilio, except for apparent strangulation of front. 



1.24. Wings to place. 



1.35. 1st spiracular hollow (with black spiracle at bot- 

 tom) sinking, dorsal eminence of meso-thorax and wing 

 angles becoming of more mature form and less like swellings 

 from strangulation, but loop still cuts deeply into wing 

 and across base of hind-wing. 



1.50. The wings are much straightened out and the 

 loop cuts into them very little to what it did. Abdominal 

 segments are shortening and closing up, not yet quite so 

 much as in a mature pupa. 



1.54. Is hanging with a strong sag (or bend) in 

 abdomen. 



2.3. From head to end of 4th abdominal, now very long 

 and abdominal segments diminished. The loop is now 

 hardly buried and is seen to be on top of 3rd thoracic (not 

 iu 3rd thoracic to 1st abdominal incision) at about ^ or ^ 

 of its width from front border. 



2.15. Straightened itself a little and then fell back 

 again. Meso-thoracic dorsal ridges becoming sharper, 

 anterior end still obviously somewhat soft. 



2.25. Straighter, — no deformity of wings can be seen 

 either where loop now crosses, or where it did before, 

 except it seems a little impressed on one ridge of the 

 venation. 



2.30. A lateral jerk or two. 



3.40. Loop is still a girth, though pupa is apparently 

 mature as to form, and much dark shading has appeared. 



5.45. No further change, still slung as a Papilio. 



In both this and following specimens the girth is quite 

 loose and at liberty to slip in any direction. Moving the 

 pupa by touching the head enough to show the girth to be 

 quite free does not in any way alter its position. 



It does not look possible for it to slip forwards, but a 

 twist of the pupa might catch it by the wing-spine and 



