( xxxvi ) 



At Hammam R'ihra I submitted living 3 cleopatra to four 

 ladies ; one could not detect the scent, another could not 

 describe it, a third Compared it to primrose, the fourth com- 

 pared it first to gorse, then to faint 'Syringa' (meaning 

 FhiladelplLUs coronarius). Personally after more experience I 

 hesitate between Freesia and ' Syringa.' Altogether up to 

 March 31st, when it was getting over, I examined nineteen 

 male G. cleopatra and found the scent quite distinct in all save 

 one. 



" Though not as abundant in Algeria as G. cleopatra, our 

 more familiar G. rhamni, L., is sufficiently common, and 

 naturally I examined that species, or form, for scent. To 

 my great surprise out of ten specimens examined not one had 

 a scent at all like that of cleopatra, indeed in most of them I 

 could detect no scent whatever ! One day in the hotel garden 

 at Hammam R'ihra, I caught within a space a few yards in 

 extent, and within a quarter of an hour, five butterflies in the 

 following order:- — 1 3 rhamni, 3 3 cleopatra, 1 3 rhamni; 

 all the three cleopatra had the scent, hut neither of the rhamni. 



" The one specimen of cleopatra in which no scent was 

 detected was tested on a day when my nasal mucous membrane 

 was somewhat inflamed, moreover a neighbouring pig-stye 

 was distinctly a disturbing element. For these reasons I do 

 not include in the above numbers 2 3 rhamni examined 

 under the same conditions with negative results. 



" The living Gonepteryx can be easily held by the thumb 

 below and the forefinger above the thorax, the wings being 

 expanded, and so examined without appreciable injury to the 

 specimen, in a way that the more delicate structure of most 

 butterflies renders impossible. 



" These surprising results struck me so much at the time 

 that 1 took care to assure myself that I was not deceived, but 

 I trust other entomologists will repeat the observations when 

 opportunity oilers. Such a difference in the scent of the two 

 forms must imply a physiological difference that would point 

 to a specific distinction. 



" In North Devon on the 29th of last month I examined a 

 $ G. rhamni but could detect no scent." 



Dr. F. A. Dixey exhibited specimens of several forms of 



