﻿Identification 
  of 
  Reaumur's 
  Microlepidoptera. 
  99 
  

  

  tain 
  that 
  the 
  insects 
  that 
  mine 
  in 
  the 
  leaves 
  of 
  different 
  plants 
  are 
  

   always 
  those 
  of 
  different 
  species. 
  Yet, 
  as 
  miners 
  of 
  different 
  

   species 
  and 
  different 
  genera 
  feed 
  in 
  the 
  same 
  leaf, 
  it 
  is 
  very 
  pro- 
  

   bable 
  that 
  there 
  are 
  as 
  many 
  or 
  more 
  species 
  of 
  insects 
  mining 
  in 
  

   leaves, 
  as 
  there 
  are 
  species 
  of 
  trees 
  and 
  plants." 
  

  

  Nole. 
  — 
  It 
  is 
  true 
  that 
  this 
  is 
  not 
  certain, 
  but 
  excepting 
  in 
  the 
  

   case 
  of 
  closely 
  allied 
  plants, 
  the 
  probability 
  is 
  that 
  each 
  species 
  of 
  

   plant 
  nourishes 
  a 
  different 
  species 
  of 
  moth, 
  

  

  " 
  The 
  greater 
  part 
  of 
  these 
  mining 
  larvae 
  live 
  entirely 
  alone 
  ; 
  

   each 
  gallery 
  and 
  blotched 
  place 
  being 
  the 
  habitation 
  of 
  only 
  a 
  

   single 
  larva, 
  which 
  has 
  no 
  communication 
  with 
  those 
  of 
  other 
  in- 
  

   sects 
  of 
  the 
  same 
  or 
  different 
  species, 
  though 
  made 
  in 
  the 
  same 
  

   leaf. 
  There 
  are, 
  however, 
  leaf 
  miners, 
  which 
  having 
  passed 
  a 
  

   large 
  portion 
  of 
  their 
  life 
  in 
  solitude, 
  meet 
  when 
  the 
  period 
  of 
  

   their 
  metamorphosis 
  approaches. 
  After 
  living 
  till 
  then 
  in 
  narrow 
  

   galleries, 
  they 
  wish 
  for 
  more 
  spacious 
  dwellings, 
  and 
  mine 
  to- 
  

   gether 
  in 
  blotches. 
  It 
  is 
  not 
  difKcult 
  to 
  find 
  oak 
  leaves, 
  before 
  

   the 
  end 
  of 
  spring, 
  in 
  which 
  are 
  several 
  narrow 
  and 
  tortuous 
  gal- 
  

   leries, 
  which 
  all 
  converge 
  and 
  terminate 
  in 
  a 
  whitish 
  blotch, 
  which 
  

   is 
  sometimes 
  half 
  as 
  large 
  as 
  the 
  leaf 
  (^Corisc'imn 
  siibstr'tga). 
  The 
  

   upper 
  epidermis 
  of 
  this 
  leaf 
  has 
  been 
  loosened 
  by 
  several 
  little 
  

   caterpillars, 
  for 
  which 
  it 
  forms 
  a 
  closed 
  tent, 
  under 
  which 
  they 
  

   eat 
  the 
  fleshy 
  substance 
  of 
  the 
  leaf 
  without 
  fear 
  of 
  interruption 
  ; 
  

   at 
  first 
  they 
  had 
  each 
  lived 
  separately 
  in 
  narrow 
  paths. 
  

  

  " 
  There 
  are 
  also 
  miners 
  which 
  from 
  their 
  birth 
  are 
  in 
  companies 
  

   of 
  twenty 
  or 
  thirty 
  in 
  the 
  same 
  blotch, 
  which 
  they 
  enlarge 
  daily 
  as 
  

   they 
  feed. 
  Such 
  societies 
  are 
  found 
  in 
  the 
  leaves 
  of 
  lilac 
  {Gra- 
  

   cillaria 
  Sijringella) 
  ; 
  the 
  caterpillars 
  are 
  white 
  and 
  smooth 
  ; 
  they 
  

   have 
  six 
  true 
  legs, 
  but 
  no 
  prolegs 
  ; 
  their 
  anal 
  segment 
  helps 
  them 
  

   to 
  walk, 
  and 
  serves 
  as 
  a 
  seventh 
  leg." 
  

  

  Note. 
  — 
  It 
  is 
  only 
  when 
  young 
  that 
  the 
  larvae 
  of 
  Gracillmia 
  

   Syringella 
  have 
  no 
  prolegs 
  ; 
  when 
  fully 
  grown, 
  they 
  have 
  fourteen 
  

   legs, 
  as 
  other 
  larvae 
  of 
  the 
  genus. 
  

  

  " 
  Among 
  the 
  mining 
  caterpillars, 
  it 
  is 
  easy 
  to 
  recognise 
  the 
  cha- 
  

   racters 
  of 
  two 
  different 
  classes 
  ; 
  there 
  are 
  some 
  with 
  sixteen 
  legs 
  ; 
  

   others 
  have 
  only 
  fourteen 
  legs, 
  having 
  only 
  six 
  ventral 
  prolegs 
  ; 
  

   the 
  first 
  pair 
  of 
  prolegs 
  is 
  only 
  separated 
  from 
  the 
  last 
  pair 
  of 
  

   true 
  legs 
  by 
  two 
  segments 
  without 
  legs. 
  Probably 
  there 
  are 
  

   several 
  other 
  classes. 
  

  

  " 
  Among 
  the 
  mining 
  larvae, 
  some, 
  except 
  in 
  size, 
  are 
  very 
  

   similar 
  to 
  ordinary 
  smooth 
  caterpillars 
  ; 
  but 
  others 
  have 
  the 
  seg- 
  

   ments 
  more 
  marked, 
  more 
  indented 
  than 
  those 
  of 
  ordinary 
  cater- 
  

   pillars 
  ; 
  the 
  bodies 
  of 
  some, 
  and 
  especially 
  the 
  posterior 
  portion, 
  

   seem 
  composed 
  of 
  beads, 
  threaded 
  like 
  those 
  of 
  necklaces. 
  The 
  

   h2 
  

  

  