﻿136 
  Mr. 
  S. 
  S. 
  Saunders's 
  Notices 
  of 
  some 
  

  

  ing 
  point 
  that 
  divergence 
  originates 
  which 
  eventually 
  conduces 
  

   to 
  so 
  marked 
  a 
  contrast 
  between 
  the 
  highly 
  developed 
  external 
  

   organization 
  of 
  the 
  male, 
  and 
  the 
  retroactive 
  internal 
  concentra- 
  

   tion 
  of 
  the 
  vital 
  energies 
  in 
  the 
  female 
  ; 
  or, 
  as 
  Dr. 
  Hermann 
  

   Burmeister 
  has 
  described 
  these 
  opposite 
  tendencies, 
  the 
  active 
  

   and 
  passive 
  agency 
  displaying 
  itself 
  by 
  " 
  preponderance 
  of 
  evolu- 
  

   tion" 
  in 
  the 
  one 
  case, 
  and 
  '• 
  predominance 
  of 
  involution" 
  in 
  the 
  

   other.* 
  

  

  Some 
  analogous 
  instances 
  of 
  homogeneous 
  development 
  are 
  met 
  

   with 
  among 
  those 
  Hymenopterous 
  insects 
  which 
  construct 
  their 
  

   larva 
  abodes 
  in 
  a 
  consecutive 
  series, 
  the 
  sexes 
  being 
  retained 
  dis- 
  

   tinct 
  and 
  separate, 
  the 
  cells 
  of 
  the 
  one 
  terminating 
  before 
  those 
  of 
  

   the 
  other 
  commence. 
  So 
  also 
  among 
  the 
  Fespidce, 
  and 
  in 
  Polistes 
  

   especially, 
  a 
  complete 
  series 
  of 
  cells 
  is 
  at 
  one 
  time 
  exclusively 
  

   devoted 
  to 
  males, 
  and 
  another 
  of 
  larger 
  dimensions 
  set 
  apart 
  for 
  

   females 
  only, 
  the 
  ova 
  producing 
  which 
  are 
  consequently 
  deposed 
  

   in 
  a 
  continuous 
  series: 
  and 
  the 
  development 
  of 
  the 
  fecundating 
  

   principle 
  being 
  promoted 
  by 
  a 
  difference 
  in 
  the 
  quantity 
  and 
  

   quality 
  of 
  the 
  food 
  supplied. 
  

  

  It 
  would 
  seem, 
  then, 
  not 
  unreasonable 
  to 
  attribute 
  to 
  Strepsip- 
  

   terous 
  insects 
  the 
  tendency 
  to 
  disseminate 
  their 
  ovoviparous 
  pro- 
  

   geny 
  in 
  a 
  sexual 
  series, 
  those 
  attaining 
  maturity 
  about 
  the 
  same 
  

   time, 
  and 
  emanating 
  from 
  the 
  same 
  ovarial 
  division, 
  being 
  endowed 
  

   as 
  such 
  with 
  the 
  constituent 
  characteristics 
  of 
  one 
  particular 
  sex 
  ; 
  

   although 
  instances 
  may 
  occur 
  in 
  which 
  both 
  sexes 
  have 
  been 
  nur- 
  

   tured 
  by 
  the 
  same 
  bee 
  under 
  precisely 
  identical 
  conditions 
  and 
  

   influences. 
  

  

  11. 
  Effects 
  produced 
  by 
  the 
  Parasites 
  upon 
  the 
  reproductive 
  Pojvers 
  

   of 
  their 
  Victims. 
  

  

  In 
  attempting 
  to 
  account 
  for 
  the 
  aforesaid 
  associations, 
  a 
  pre- 
  

   liminary 
  difficulty 
  presents 
  itself 
  in 
  the 
  supposed 
  sterility 
  of 
  the 
  

   insects 
  attacked, 
  whose 
  vital 
  functions 
  are 
  obviously 
  affected 
  

   thereby 
  to 
  a 
  considerable 
  extent, 
  as 
  many 
  well-attested 
  facts 
  

   serve 
  to 
  establish. 
  

  

  That 
  such 
  a 
  result 
  should 
  ensue 
  in 
  cases 
  like 
  that 
  of 
  the 
  An- 
  

   drena 
  tibialis, 
  from 
  which 
  three 
  specimens 
  of 
  the 
  Stylojos 
  Spencii 
  

   were 
  obtained, 
  is 
  scarcely 
  problematical 
  ; 
  and 
  may 
  also 
  occur 
  

   whensoever 
  the 
  highly-developed 
  organization 
  of 
  male 
  parasites 
  

   has 
  been 
  acquired 
  at 
  the 
  expense 
  of 
  their 
  victims, 
  the 
  effects 
  pro- 
  

   duced 
  being 
  frequently 
  exhibited 
  in 
  the 
  absorbent 
  influences 
  upon 
  

  

  * 
  Burmeister's 
  Manual, 
  translated 
  by 
  Shuckard, 
  sects. 
  133 
  and 
  206. 
  

  

  