﻿New 
  Species 
  of 
  Strepsipteroiis 
  Insects. 
  139 
  

  

  of 
  each 
  being 
  retained, 
  as 
  at 
  present, 
  within 
  its 
  own 
  allotted 
  

   sphere. 
  

  

  12. 
  Inferences 
  as 
  to 
  double-brooding 
  in 
  tlie 
  Xenos. 
  

  

  Having 
  been 
  induced, 
  on 
  a 
  former 
  occasion,* 
  to 
  hazard 
  a 
  con- 
  

   jecture 
  as 
  to 
  the 
  existence 
  of 
  double 
  broods 
  in 
  Xenos, 
  from 
  cer- 
  

   tain 
  deductions 
  drawn 
  in 
  connexion 
  with 
  the 
  known 
  economy 
  of 
  

   Polistes, 
  and 
  the 
  early 
  appearance 
  of 
  the 
  hexapod 
  larvae 
  of 
  the 
  

   parasites, 
  as 
  noticed 
  by 
  Dr. 
  Siebold 
  (their 
  identity,-]' 
  however, 
  with 
  

   those 
  of 
  Xetios 
  requiring 
  confirmation), 
  the 
  following 
  facts, 
  which 
  

   have 
  since 
  come 
  under 
  my 
  observation, 
  may 
  be 
  deemed 
  to 
  afford 
  

   some 
  corroborative 
  testimony 
  in 
  this 
  respect. 
  

  

  On 
  the 
  4th 
  of 
  July, 
  I 
  captured 
  at 
  large 
  a 
  male 
  PoUstes, 
  bearing 
  

   a 
  well-developed 
  female 
  Xenos, 
  having 
  the 
  vaginal 
  orifice 
  fully 
  ex- 
  

   panded. 
  This 
  PoUstes 
  was 
  necessarily 
  reared 
  from 
  a 
  larva 
  of 
  the 
  

   same 
  year, 
  since 
  none 
  but 
  females 
  hybernate. 
  The 
  Xenos 
  must 
  con- 
  

   sequently 
  have 
  been 
  produced 
  from 
  a 
  hexapod 
  deposited 
  in 
  the 
  

   larva 
  cell 
  of 
  the 
  PoUstes 
  about 
  the 
  same 
  period. 
  But 
  this 
  male 
  

   PoUstes 
  was 
  doomed 
  to 
  perish 
  before 
  the 
  ensuing 
  winter 
  ; 
  there- 
  

   fore, 
  any 
  progeny 
  to 
  which 
  its 
  parasite 
  might 
  have 
  given 
  birth, 
  if 
  

   available 
  for 
  the 
  continuation 
  of 
  the 
  species, 
  would 
  require 
  to 
  be 
  

   introduced 
  forthwith 
  to 
  the 
  larva 
  cells 
  of 
  another 
  PoUstes, 
  in 
  con- 
  

   junction 
  with 
  wliose 
  female 
  brood 
  the 
  young 
  hexapods 
  might 
  again 
  

   be 
  enabled 
  to 
  fulfil 
  the 
  required 
  conditions 
  of 
  maturity 
  and 
  fecunda- 
  

   tion, 
  and 
  thus 
  transfer 
  their 
  posterity, 
  together 
  with 
  the 
  hyber- 
  

   nating 
  PoUstes, 
  to 
  the 
  following 
  year. 
  Under 
  any 
  other 
  circum- 
  

   stances, 
  it 
  must 
  be 
  assumed 
  that 
  all 
  female 
  parasites 
  met 
  with 
  in 
  

   the 
  males 
  of 
  PoUstes 
  (which 
  Rossi 
  states 
  to 
  be 
  more 
  subject 
  to 
  

   such 
  attacks 
  than 
  the 
  females 
  J) 
  can 
  take 
  no 
  part 
  in 
  the 
  continua- 
  

   tion 
  of 
  the 
  race. 
  

  

  Similar 
  deductions 
  may 
  also 
  be 
  drawn 
  in 
  the 
  case 
  of 
  the 
  female 
  

   PoUstes, 
  exhibiting 
  three 
  prolific 
  females 
  of 
  Xenos, 
  already 
  ad- 
  

   verted 
  to 
  when 
  describing 
  the 
  proceedings 
  of 
  the 
  hexapods 
  so 
  

   obtained. 
  This 
  was 
  on 
  the 
  17th 
  of 
  July; 
  yet 
  in 
  the 
  preceding 
  

   instance 
  of 
  the 
  male 
  PoUstes, 
  it 
  has 
  been 
  shown 
  that 
  an 
  early 
  

   brood 
  or 
  series 
  of 
  hexapods 
  had 
  already 
  finished 
  their 
  transfor- 
  

   mations 
  and 
  attained 
  the 
  perfect 
  state 
  at 
  least 
  a 
  fortnight 
  earlier. 
  

   On 
  the 
  other 
  hand, 
  it 
  is 
  manifest 
  that 
  these 
  hexapods 
  produced 
  

   subsequently, 
  must 
  secure 
  a 
  larva-domicile 
  and 
  accomplish 
  their 
  

   metamorphoses 
  before 
  winter, 
  in 
  order 
  that 
  when 
  the 
  PoUstes 
  

   quit 
  their 
  hybernacula 
  in 
  the 
  spring,, 
  the 
  Xenos 
  females 
  may 
  dis- 
  

  

  * 
  Trans. 
  Ent. 
  Soc. 
  Lond. 
  Vol. 
  I. 
  (N.S.), 
  p. 
  50. 
  

  

  t 
  Loc. 
  cil. 
  p. 
  143 
  ; 
  Results 
  29 
  and 
  30. 
  

  

  t 
  Faun. 
  Etrus. 
  Manl., 
  Append., 
  p. 
  115, 
  note. 
  

  

  