﻿Duration 
  of 
  Life 
  in 
  the 
  Honey 
  Bee. 
  151 
  

  

  This 
  renewal 
  of 
  queens, 
  it 
  may 
  particularly 
  be 
  observed, 
  is 
  in 
  

   every 
  respect 
  analogous 
  to 
  the 
  natural 
  state 
  of 
  a 
  hive 
  in 
  swarming, 
  

   witli 
  only 
  one 
  exception 
  ; 
  viz. 
  that 
  the 
  old 
  queen, 
  instead 
  of 
  going 
  

   off 
  with 
  the 
  swarm, 
  dies. 
  The 
  state 
  of 
  the 
  hive 
  at 
  the 
  period 
  of 
  

   the 
  death 
  of 
  the 
  queen 
  in 
  the 
  one 
  case, 
  and 
  the 
  departure 
  of 
  the 
  

   swarm 
  in 
  the 
  other, 
  is 
  exactly 
  the 
  same 
  : 
  in 
  both 
  cases 
  drones 
  and 
  

   drone 
  brood 
  exist 
  in 
  the 
  hive, 
  young 
  queens 
  are 
  in 
  embryo 
  ready 
  

   to 
  come 
  forth 
  in 
  a 
  few 
  days, 
  and 
  worker 
  bees 
  and 
  worker 
  grubs 
  

   are 
  to 
  be 
  found 
  in 
  abundance 
  , 
  the 
  stock 
  in 
  both 
  cases 
  is 
  thereafter 
  

   left 
  to 
  the 
  government 
  of 
  the 
  young 
  queen, 
  and 
  with 
  the 
  solitary 
  

   exception 
  of 
  the 
  departure 
  of 
  the 
  queen 
  with 
  a 
  portion 
  of 
  the 
  

   population, 
  the 
  two 
  instances 
  of 
  swarming 
  and 
  renewal 
  of 
  the 
  

   queen 
  are 
  exactly 
  similar 
  : 
  to 
  the 
  stock 
  therefore 
  at 
  the 
  end 
  of 
  the 
  

   season 
  the 
  result 
  is 
  the 
  same. 
  

  

  Much 
  difference 
  of 
  opinion 
  has 
  existed 
  whether 
  the 
  swarm 
  is 
  

   led 
  by 
  the 
  old 
  queen 
  or 
  a 
  young 
  one, 
  and 
  in 
  support 
  of 
  the 
  view 
  

   that 
  the 
  swarm 
  is 
  led 
  by 
  a 
  young 
  queen, 
  the 
  analogy 
  of 
  the 
  swarm- 
  

   ing 
  of 
  ants 
  has 
  been 
  sometimes 
  alluded 
  to, 
  where 
  undoubtedly 
  the 
  

   young 
  queen 
  leads 
  ; 
  but 
  the 
  queen 
  ant, 
  immediately 
  her 
  colony 
  is 
  

   settled, 
  casts 
  aside 
  her 
  wings, 
  as 
  no 
  longer 
  needed, 
  thereby 
  utterly 
  

   preventing 
  herself 
  from 
  ever 
  afterwards 
  leading 
  a 
  swarm. 
  The 
  

   queen 
  bee 
  does 
  not 
  do 
  so, 
  and 
  therefore 
  the 
  analogy 
  no 
  longer 
  

   exists 
  ; 
  but, 
  on 
  the 
  contrary, 
  it 
  may 
  be 
  contended 
  that 
  the 
  queen 
  

   bee 
  retains 
  her 
  wings 
  expressly 
  for 
  the 
  necessity 
  of 
  leading 
  the 
  

   swarm. 
  

  

  It 
  may 
  here 
  be 
  observed, 
  that 
  if 
  the 
  view 
  taken 
  above 
  as 
  to 
  the 
  

   renewal 
  of 
  queens 
  is 
  correct, 
  when 
  a 
  stock 
  of 
  bees 
  throws 
  off 
  its 
  

   swarm 
  late 
  in 
  the 
  season, 
  and 
  after 
  such 
  renewal 
  (but 
  which 
  will 
  

   rarely 
  happen), 
  strictly 
  speaking 
  it 
  is 
  not 
  a 
  swarm, 
  but 
  only 
  a 
  

   cast 
  : 
  a 
  swarm, 
  properly 
  so 
  called, 
  is 
  led 
  by 
  the 
  old 
  queen 
  capable 
  

   of 
  producing 
  eggs 
  of 
  all 
  kinds, 
  — 
  queens, 
  workers, 
  and 
  drones, 
  

   whilst 
  the 
  queen 
  leading 
  the 
  swarm 
  thrown 
  off 
  under 
  the 
  circum- 
  

   stances 
  just 
  detailed 
  is 
  a 
  young 
  queen, 
  and 
  will 
  produce 
  in 
  that 
  

   season 
  only 
  worker 
  eggs. 
  That 
  the 
  queen 
  leading 
  a 
  swarm 
  is 
  

   capable 
  of 
  producing 
  queen 
  eggs, 
  is 
  at 
  once 
  evident 
  from 
  the 
  fact, 
  

   that 
  such 
  swarm 
  in 
  favourable 
  seasons 
  will 
  throw 
  off 
  a 
  waiden 
  

   swarm, 
  and 
  of 
  course 
  under 
  such 
  circumstances 
  drone 
  eggs 
  must 
  

   also 
  have 
  been 
  produced, 
  or 
  the 
  young 
  queens 
  left 
  in 
  the 
  hive 
  at 
  

   the 
  departure 
  of 
  the 
  maiden 
  swarm 
  would 
  be 
  barren, 
  and 
  the 
  loss 
  

   of 
  the 
  stock 
  ensue. 
  In 
  the 
  case 
  of 
  a 
  maiden 
  swarm 
  the 
  old 
  queen 
  

   will 
  have 
  changed 
  her 
  habitation 
  twice 
  in 
  the 
  same 
  season 
  ; 
  whe- 
  

   ther 
  this 
  double 
  swarming 
  has 
  any 
  effect 
  on 
  the 
  duration 
  of 
  her 
  

   life 
  future 
  observation 
  must 
  prove. 
  

  

  