﻿Duration 
  of 
  Life 
  in 
  the 
  Honey 
  Bee. 
  165 
  

  

  would 
  not 
  be 
  larger 
  than 
  if 
  she 
  were 
  the 
  monarch 
  of 
  only 
  a 
  single 
  

   swarm 
  ; 
  in 
  the 
  autumn 
  the 
  population 
  would 
  not 
  be 
  greater, 
  and 
  

   therefore 
  the 
  benefit 
  ceases 
  with 
  that 
  season. 
  Far 
  greater 
  ad- 
  

   vantages 
  result 
  from 
  the 
  union 
  of 
  stocks 
  in 
  the 
  autumn, 
  a 
  subject 
  

   we 
  shall 
  notice 
  in 
  a 
  subsequent 
  part 
  of 
  this 
  essay. 
  

  

  We 
  conclude 
  this 
  portion 
  of 
  our 
  essay 
  with 
  one 
  more 
  observa- 
  

   tion 
  respecting 
  swarming, 
  viz., 
  that 
  at 
  the 
  time 
  a 
  swarm 
  is 
  thrown 
  

   off, 
  the 
  greatest 
  number 
  of 
  cells 
  are 
  occupied 
  by 
  brood, 
  and 
  by 
  

   the 
  time 
  they 
  are 
  hatched 
  off, 
  a 
  young 
  queen 
  will 
  be 
  ready 
  to 
  de- 
  

   posit 
  eggs 
  and 
  continue 
  the 
  breeding, 
  so 
  that 
  swarming 
  does 
  not 
  

   in 
  any 
  great 
  degree 
  alter 
  the 
  total 
  numbers 
  actually 
  produced 
  in 
  

   a 
  stock 
  during 
  the 
  year, 
  whether 
  it 
  swarms 
  or 
  not 
  : 
  the 
  young 
  

   queen, 
  though 
  she 
  does 
  not 
  begin 
  to 
  lay 
  eggs 
  immediately 
  on 
  the 
  

   departure 
  of 
  a 
  swarm, 
  continues 
  to 
  lay 
  later 
  in 
  the 
  season 
  than 
  

   the 
  old 
  queen, 
  so 
  that 
  the 
  brood 
  produced 
  is 
  thereabouts 
  equal 
  in 
  

   both 
  cases: 
  the 
  reduction 
  in 
  the 
  number 
  of 
  matured 
  workers 
  by 
  

   the 
  emigration 
  of 
  the 
  swarm 
  and 
  cast 
  is 
  nevertheless 
  a 
  serious 
  

   consideration 
  with 
  respect 
  to 
  the 
  quantity 
  of 
  surplus 
  honey 
  which 
  

   may 
  be 
  expected 
  from 
  the 
  stock. 
  

  

  Having 
  successively 
  treated 
  of 
  the 
  age 
  or 
  duration 
  of 
  life 
  

   of 
  the 
  queen, 
  drone 
  and 
  worker 
  bee, 
  and 
  having 
  pursued 
  at 
  length 
  

   the 
  arguments 
  supporting 
  our 
  views 
  on 
  the 
  subject, 
  at 
  the 
  same 
  

   time 
  noticing 
  the 
  observations 
  on 
  which 
  our 
  arguments 
  are 
  

   grounded, 
  we 
  now 
  proceed 
  to 
  the 
  consideration 
  of 
  the 
  practical 
  

   question, 
  wheiher 
  it 
  is 
  more 
  expedient 
  to 
  retain 
  swarms 
  when 
  it 
  

   may 
  be 
  necessary 
  to 
  reduce 
  the 
  number 
  of 
  hives 
  in 
  an 
  apiary, 
  and 
  

   destroy 
  old 
  stocks, 
  or 
  vice 
  versi. 
  

  

  In 
  speaking 
  of 
  stocks, 
  we 
  must 
  be 
  understood 
  to 
  include 
  hives 
  

   in 
  their 
  second 
  season, 
  and 
  upwards. 
  

  

  It 
  must 
  be 
  obvious 
  that 
  we 
  are 
  in 
  a 
  great 
  measure 
  prepared 
  to 
  

   enter 
  upon 
  the 
  discussion 
  of 
  this 
  subject 
  from 
  the 
  consideration 
  

   of 
  the 
  various 
  circumstances 
  brought 
  to 
  bear 
  in 
  elucidating 
  the 
  

   duration 
  of 
  life 
  in 
  the 
  bee, 
  more 
  especially 
  that 
  of 
  the 
  queen 
  bee 
  ; 
  

   and 
  notwithstanding 
  the 
  strength 
  of 
  a 
  stock 
  of 
  bees 
  may 
  be 
  greatly 
  

   dependant 
  upon 
  the 
  number 
  of 
  workers, 
  yet 
  the 
  future 
  well-being 
  

   of 
  the 
  stock 
  must 
  mainly 
  be 
  owing 
  to 
  the 
  age, 
  healtli 
  and 
  fecun- 
  

   dity 
  of 
  the 
  queen, 
  and 
  in 
  this 
  latter 
  particular 
  the 
  queen 
  is 
  again 
  

   dependant 
  upon 
  numbers, 
  in 
  order 
  as 
  it 
  were 
  to 
  bring 
  into 
  play 
  

   her 
  extraordinary 
  multiplying 
  powers 
  : 
  the 
  state 
  of 
  the 
  queen 
  

   therefore 
  must 
  particularly 
  be 
  considered 
  in 
  coming 
  to 
  a 
  decision 
  

   on 
  this 
  point. 
  

  

  We 
  have 
  seen 
  that 
  in 
  respect 
  to 
  population, 
  the 
  difference 
  be- 
  

   tween 
  a 
  swarm 
  and 
  a 
  stock 
  at 
  the 
  usual 
  period 
  of 
  taking 
  up 
  hives 
  

  

  