﻿210 
  Mr, 
  J. 
  W. 
  Douglas's 
  Contributions 
  to 
  the 
  

  

  each 
  other. 
  They 
  may 
  be 
  divided 
  into 
  two 
  groups 
  — 
  one 
  mining 
  

   the 
  upper 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  grass, 
  never 
  descending 
  to 
  the 
  base 
  — 
  the 
  

   other 
  mining 
  down 
  the 
  leaf 
  continuously 
  towards 
  the 
  root. 
  Of 
  

   the 
  first 
  group 
  the 
  larvae 
  when 
  full 
  fed 
  quit 
  their 
  mine, 
  and, 
  

   attaching 
  themselves 
  to 
  the 
  leaf, 
  pass 
  into 
  the 
  pupa 
  state 
  ; 
  of 
  the 
  

   second 
  group, 
  the 
  larvae 
  do 
  not 
  appear 
  to 
  come 
  out 
  of 
  their 
  mine 
  

   to 
  undergo 
  their 
  change, 
  but 
  as 
  we 
  have 
  not 
  succeeded 
  in 
  rearing 
  

   any 
  of 
  them, 
  no 
  positive 
  information 
  can 
  be 
  given. 
  Two 
  kinds 
  of 
  

   mines 
  also 
  have 
  been 
  observed 
  ; 
  one 
  in 
  which 
  the 
  cuticles 
  that 
  

   have 
  been 
  separated 
  are 
  not 
  distended, 
  the 
  other 
  in 
  which 
  these 
  

   assume 
  a 
  tubular 
  or 
  inflated 
  appearance. 
  

  

  The 
  larvae 
  are 
  unicolorous, 
  destitute 
  of 
  marking 
  except 
  patches 
  

   more 
  or 
  less 
  dark 
  on 
  the 
  second 
  and 
  last 
  segments, 
  and 
  slight 
  de- 
  

   pressions 
  over 
  the 
  whole 
  of 
  the 
  upper 
  surface 
  ; 
  anteriorly 
  they 
  

   are 
  flattened, 
  and 
  the 
  third 
  and 
  fourth 
  segments 
  are 
  wider 
  than 
  

   the 
  others. 
  The 
  pupae 
  are 
  short 
  and 
  stout, 
  and 
  the 
  back 
  being 
  

   raised 
  and 
  curved, 
  they 
  look 
  contracted 
  ; 
  the 
  wing-cases 
  are 
  

   drooping 
  and 
  project 
  lower 
  than 
  the 
  body 
  ; 
  the 
  penultimate 
  seg- 
  

   ment 
  of 
  the 
  body 
  on 
  the 
  underside 
  is 
  furnished 
  at 
  its 
  outer 
  margin 
  

   with 
  a 
  dense 
  tuft 
  of 
  short 
  stiff 
  hairs, 
  and 
  the 
  last 
  segment 
  is 
  rounded 
  

   and 
  covered 
  m 
  situ 
  by 
  the 
  dark 
  shrivelled 
  skin 
  of 
  the 
  larva, 
  which 
  

   is 
  held 
  in 
  a 
  spinning 
  of 
  silk. 
  The 
  flight 
  of 
  the 
  perfect 
  insects 
  is 
  

   in 
  the 
  evening 
  ; 
  it 
  is 
  low 
  and 
  interrupted 
  by 
  frequent 
  short 
  rests, 
  

   during 
  which 
  they 
  sit 
  closely 
  appressed 
  to 
  the 
  leaf 
  or 
  other 
  object 
  

   on 
  which 
  they 
  alight 
  — 
  this 
  position 
  being 
  very 
  characteristic 
  of 
  

   the 
  genus 
  when 
  at 
  rest. 
  

  

  Elachista 
  subnigrella, 
  new 
  sp. 
  

  

  Larva 
  (fig. 
  1 
  a). 
  Length 
  3 
  lines. 
  Uniform 
  pale 
  yellow, 
  with 
  

   fine 
  depressions 
  on 
  the 
  upper 
  surface 
  towards 
  the 
  sides, 
  with 
  a 
  few 
  

   short 
  hairs 
  along 
  the 
  whole 
  surface, 
  more 
  thickly 
  set 
  at 
  each 
  ex- 
  

   tremity 
  of 
  the 
  body. 
  Head 
  pale 
  brown, 
  the 
  posterior 
  part 
  visible 
  

   through 
  the 
  second 
  segment. 
  On 
  the 
  second 
  and 
  anal 
  segments 
  

   is 
  a 
  faint 
  dark 
  patch. 
  

  

  Six 
  pectoral 
  legs 
  light 
  brown, 
  eight 
  ventral 
  and 
  two 
  anal 
  legs 
  

   the 
  colour 
  of 
  the 
  body 
  ; 
  all 
  very 
  short. 
  

  

  Feeds 
  in 
  the 
  leaves 
  of 
  Bromus 
  erectus, 
  making 
  broad 
  tracks, 
  

   which 
  often 
  turn 
  purple, 
  but 
  the 
  cuticles 
  do 
  not 
  separate 
  (fig. 
  1 
  h). 
  

   Discovered 
  by 
  Mr. 
  Stainton 
  on 
  the 
  Croydon 
  tram-road 
  and 
  at 
  

   Mickleham 
  in 
  April 
  last. 
  

  

  Pupa 
  (fig. 
  1 
  c). 
  Length 
  2 
  lines. 
  Brown, 
  thick, 
  somewhat 
  

   flattened, 
  the 
  back 
  curved 
  lengthwise 
  and 
  raised 
  into 
  a 
  ridge, 
  of 
  

   which 
  the 
  summit 
  is 
  whitish 
  ; 
  at 
  the 
  sides 
  is 
  a 
  similar 
  but 
  smaller 
  

  

  i 
  

  

  