﻿Butterflies 
  of 
  the 
  Amazon 
  Valley. 
  255 
  

  

  which 
  they 
  will 
  continue 
  to 
  do 
  for 
  a 
  very 
  long 
  time. 
  I 
  have 
  dis- 
  

   sected 
  dozens 
  of 
  these 
  insects 
  in 
  the 
  hope 
  of 
  finding 
  a 
  female, 
  

   which 
  I 
  never 
  succeeded 
  in 
  doing, 
  every 
  specimen 
  of 
  Papilio 
  

   Protcsilaus 
  which 
  I 
  have 
  seen 
  being 
  a 
  male. 
  

  

  In 
  the 
  same 
  places, 
  and 
  often 
  mixed 
  with 
  the 
  last, 
  are 
  found 
  

   P. 
  DoUcaon 
  and 
  the 
  more 
  beautiful 
  P. 
  Columbus, 
  the 
  latter 
  being 
  

   the 
  more 
  abundant 
  of 
  the 
  two. 
  In 
  similar 
  situations 
  we 
  have 
  

   Pohjcaon, 
  Ltjcidas, 
  Belus 
  and 
  Pausanias, 
  of 
  all 
  of 
  which 
  the 
  males 
  

   only 
  are 
  found 
  on 
  the 
  river's 
  edge, 
  the 
  female 
  of 
  Polycaon 
  (the 
  

   only 
  one 
  yet 
  determined) 
  frequenting 
  the 
  skirts 
  of 
  the 
  forest, 
  and 
  

   flying 
  about 
  orange 
  trees. 
  

  

  Tlioas, 
  Polydamas 
  and 
  Torquatus 
  are 
  found 
  in 
  open 
  grounds 
  

   and 
  about 
  houses, 
  localities 
  frequented 
  by 
  many 
  common 
  South 
  

   American 
  species, 
  which 
  have 
  an 
  extensive 
  range, 
  and 
  do 
  not 
  

   seem 
  to 
  be 
  truly 
  indigenous 
  to 
  the 
  Amazon 
  valley. 
  

  

  It 
  is 
  in 
  the 
  shady 
  groves 
  and 
  in 
  the 
  depths 
  of 
  the 
  virgin 
  forest 
  

   that 
  the 
  great 
  mass 
  of 
  the 
  species 
  of 
  Papilio 
  are 
  found. 
  These 
  

   all 
  belong 
  to 
  the 
  group 
  which 
  have 
  white 
  or 
  bluish 
  spots 
  on 
  the 
  

   upper 
  wings 
  and 
  red 
  on 
  the 
  under. 
  They 
  fly 
  weaker 
  than 
  the 
  

   other 
  species, 
  and 
  seldom 
  appear 
  in 
  full 
  sunshine. 
  Sesosiris, 
  

   Hierocles 
  and 
  Culora 
  are 
  among 
  the 
  most 
  beautiful 
  of 
  these 
  ; 
  

   Echelus, 
  Gargasus, 
  Aglaope, 
  Marcius 
  and 
  Parsodes 
  are 
  abundant, 
  

   and 
  very 
  characteristic 
  of 
  the 
  Amazon 
  district. 
  In 
  several 
  of 
  

   these 
  there 
  are 
  remarkable 
  differences 
  in 
  the 
  colours 
  of 
  the 
  sexes, 
  

   which 
  do 
  not 
  exist 
  in 
  others 
  ; 
  while 
  of 
  a 
  great 
  proportion 
  we 
  are 
  

   still 
  ignorant 
  of 
  one 
  or 
  the 
  other 
  sex. 
  This 
  is 
  partly 
  owing 
  to 
  the 
  

   males 
  and 
  females 
  seldom 
  frequenting 
  the 
  same 
  situations 
  ; 
  thus, 
  

   while 
  Vertummis 
  and 
  Sesostris 
  (males) 
  are 
  found 
  only 
  in 
  ihe 
  damp 
  

   and 
  shady 
  forest, 
  their 
  females 
  frequent 
  gardens, 
  and 
  appear 
  to 
  

   deposit 
  their 
  eggs 
  upon 
  orange 
  trees, 
  round 
  which 
  I 
  have 
  taken 
  

   them 
  hovering. 
  The 
  larvEe 
  of 
  butterflies, 
  as 
  with 
  us, 
  are 
  remark- 
  

   ably 
  scarce, 
  which 
  is 
  the 
  more 
  to 
  be 
  wondered 
  at, 
  as 
  the 
  perfect 
  

   insects 
  are 
  in 
  such 
  profusion 
  ; 
  and 
  thus 
  the 
  most 
  satisfactory 
  

   means 
  of 
  ascertaining 
  the 
  sexes 
  of 
  these 
  insects 
  can 
  be 
  pursued 
  

   with 
  but 
  little 
  success. 
  The 
  only 
  Papilios 
  I 
  was 
  enabled 
  to 
  breed 
  

   were 
  Polydamas 
  and 
  Anchisiadcs, 
  species 
  which 
  exhibit 
  no 
  marked 
  

   difference 
  between 
  the 
  sexes. 
  Triopas, 
  which 
  belongs 
  to 
  the 
  

   same 
  group, 
  though 
  the 
  red 
  and 
  white 
  spots 
  are 
  both 
  replaced 
  by 
  

   yellow, 
  is 
  the 
  smallest 
  and 
  most 
  delicate 
  of 
  the 
  true 
  Papilios; 
  and 
  

   its 
  hal)its 
  agree 
  with 
  its 
  appearance, 
  for 
  it 
  frequents 
  the 
  shadiest 
  

   part 
  of 
  the 
  forest, 
  and 
  flies 
  weakly 
  and 
  always 
  near 
  the 
  ground. 
  

   It 
  is 
  found 
  at 
  Para, 
  and 
  all 
  over 
  the 
  Amazon 
  district 
  ; 
  but 
  the 
  

   closely 
  allied 
  Chahrias 
  is 
  a 
  native 
  of 
  the 
  interior 
  only, 
  both 
  on 
  the 
  

  

  