1896.] PARKER CLIMATOLOGY OF ROCHESTER. 221 



THE CLIMATOLOGY OF ROCHESTER. 

 By Orin Parker. 



CONTENTS : 



I'AliE. 



Rochester Records, - - - - - - ' - 221 



Temperature, -.--... 221 



Averages; Comparison, ----- .^^, 



Heal storage of Lake Ontario, - - . 223 



Warm waves, ..--.- 224 



Cold waves, ---... 224 



Effect of the lakes, ------ 225 . 



Precipitation, ---.-.. 226 



Source of moisture, - - . . - 229 



Cloudiness, --..--. 230 



Winds, --------- 230 



ROCHESTER RECORDS. 



By climate we mean principally the conditions with reference to 

 temperature, precipitation, cloudiness, sunshine and wind velocity 

 and direction. Of temperature we have full records as to the highest 

 and lowest for each day, and partial records as to the hourly distribu- 

 tion for twenty-five years ; as to precipitation, the record is complete 

 for observations and days and months, but it is incomplete as to 

 hours ; the record for the wind is complete as to velocity ; partially 

 as to direction, but embraces such a multitude of details it is very 

 hard to handle. The record of cloudiness is complete in a manner 

 and the sunshine depends, of course, in a measure on the cloudiness. 

 The sunshine is greater than the complement of the cloudiness because 

 at times the sun shines through thin clouds. 



TEMPERATURE. 



As to temperature, it may be said in a general way that this sec- 

 tion enjoys moderation. Winters are milder and summers cooler 

 than at some other places on the same latitude. The average annual 

 temperature line is not deflected much by reason of the peculiar 

 situation of Rochester, but warmth is delayed in the spring and lasts 

 longer in the autumn than at places not under the influence and 

 protected so fully by the lakes. 



Averages ; Comparison. 

 Taking Omaha for comparison, the yearly mean is 50° against 47° 

 at Rochester ; we find for March a normal of 30° at Rochester against 

 35" at Omaha ; 43° for April, against 51' at Omaha ; 56° for 

 May, against 62" at Omaha. The delay in the autumn is shown by 

 an average of 41° for November at Rochester, against 37° at 

 Omaha ; 29° for December, against 27° at Omaha. 



