﻿Trees of New York .State 377 



Bianchlcts stout, pithy, exuding a milky or watery juice when bruised. 

 Leaves alternate, deciduous or persistent, chiefly odd-pinnately compound. 

 Flowers dioecious or polygamous, white or greenish white, borne in more or 

 less compound axillary or terminal panicles; calyx generally 5-cleft or parted, 

 persistent; petals 5, spreading, longer than the calyx-lobes; stamens 5, alter- 

 nate Avith the petals, inserted with them under the nuirgin of an annular 

 disk; pistil consisting of a sessile ovary terminated by 3 termiiml styles and 

 stigmas. Fruit a globose, smooth or hairy drupelet, borne chiefly in thyrscs; 

 flesh thin, often acidulous ; pit bony or crustaceous. 



KEY TO THE SPECIES page 



1. Flowers in terminal thyrsoid panicles; drupelet clothed with acid crimson 



hairs 2 



1. Flowers in loose, slender, axillary panicles; drupelet glabrous, white 



R. Vernix 285 



2. Rachis of the leaf not winged; juice milky 3 



2. Rachis of the leaf winged; juice watery R. copallina 283 



3. Leaf-stalks and branchlets densely velvety-hairy R. typhina 279 



3. Leaf-stalks and branchlets glaucous R. glabra 281 



HOLLY FAMILY. AQUIPOLIACEAE 



Trees and shrubs with terete branchlets, scaly buds, alternate 

 simple leaves, inconspicuous flowers, and a drupaceous fruit. A 

 family of about one hundred and seventy-five .species widely dis- 

 tributed in the temperate and tropical regions of the world. One 

 genus is represented by arborescent forms in the United States. 



Leaves alternate, deciduous or persistent, simple, entire, crenate or pun- 

 gently toothed, stipulate. Flowers greenish white, dioecious, axillary, soli- 

 tary or cymose; calyx 4-6-lobed; petals 4-(5, imbricated in the bud; stamens 

 4-6^ alternate with the petals, inserted on the petals at the base, reduced to 

 staminodia in the pistillate flower; ovary 4—8 celled; style short or none; 

 stigmas 4-8. Fruit a drupe with thin flesh, containing 4-8 horny or crusta- 

 ceous nutlets ; seeds pendulous, albuminous. 



THE HOLLIES. Genus ILEX L. 



A genus of about one hundred and .sixty species of trees and 

 shrubs widely scattered throughout the temperate and tropical 

 regions of the world with the exception of western North America, 

 Australia and neighboring islands. Thirteen species are found in 

 eastern United States, five of which become arborescent. Two of 

 the latter are found in New York State, one of which. Ilex opaca 

 Ait., becomes a small tree within our range. 



For generic characters, see those of the family. 



MAPLE FAMILY. ACERACEAE 



Trees and a few shrubs with watery often saccharine juice, 

 terete branches, opposite simple palmately lobed or ])innate leaves, 

 and polygamous or dioecious flowers. The iAceraceae consist of 



