﻿380 Tlie New York State College of Forestry 



Leaves simple, chiefly alternate and generally 3-nerved, stipulate. Flowers 

 perfect or polygamous, regular, greenish, inconspicuous; calyx 4-5-lobed; 

 petals 4-5, inserted on the calyx or wanting; stamens 4-5, opposite the 

 petals; disk fleshy; pistil consisting of a sessile 2-5-celled and ovuled ovary 

 surmounted by a columnar style and tenninal stigma. Fruit drupaceous, 

 tipped witli tlie remnants of the style; seeds mainly albuminous. 



THE BUCKTHORNS. Genus RHAMNUS (Tourn.) L. 



Small trees and slirnbs with bitter bark, often spinescent 

 branches, simple pinniveined leaves, and greenish, perfect, polyga- 

 mous or dioecious flowers. Bhamnus is represented by about sixty 

 species scattered over the temperate and in many parts of the 

 tropical regions of the world. Five species are indigenous to the 

 United States, three of which become arborescent. 



Leaves alternate or subopposite, deciduous or persistent, simple, entire or 

 dentate, pctiolate, eonduplicate in the bud. Flowers perfect or polygamo- 

 dioecious, axillary, borne in simple or compound racemes or fascicled cymes ; 

 calyx, campanulate, 4-5-lobed; petals 4-5, emarginate, infolded around the 

 stamens or lacking; stamens 4^5, with short filaments and ovate-oblong or 

 sagittate anthers; pistU consisting of a free 2-4-celled, ovoid ovary sur- 

 mounted by a 3-4-cleft or lobed style. Fruit an oblong or spherical drupe 

 with thick succulent flesh, containing 2-4 1-seeded nutlets; seed erect, 

 grooved, with scanty albumen. 



Bhamnus cciJiartiea L. was introduced from Europe for ornamental pur- 

 poses and has become naturalized in New York State. 



LINDEN FAMILY. TTLTACEAE 



A large family of trees, shrubs and herbs comprising about 

 thirty-five genera and approximately two hundred and fifty species, 

 mainly tropical and most abundantly represented south of the 

 equator. Three genera are North American, one of which, TiJia, 

 is arborescent. 



Leaves chiefly alternate, simple, deciduous, stipulate. Flowers perfect, regu- 

 lar, generally in cymes or panicles; sepals. 3-5, valvate, deciduous; petals of 

 the same number, fewer, or none ; stamens numerous, generally 5-10- 

 adelphous; pistil consisting of a sessile, 2-10-celled ovary terminated by a 

 columnar style and capitate stigma. Fruit drupaceous or nut-like; seeds 

 albuminous; cotyledons foliaeeous. 



THE LINDENS OR BASSWOODS. Genus TILIA (Tourn.) L. 

 The genus Tilia comprises some twenty species of trees and is 

 widely distributed in the temperate regions of the northern hemis- 

 phere with the exception of western North America and Central 

 Asia. Most of the species are characterized by fragrant, nectar- 

 bearing flowers, fibrous inner bark, and a soft, even-textured valu- 

 able wood, and are valuable timber trees in the regions to which 

 they are indigenous. 



