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New York State College of Forestry 



environments. An excellent example of pristine conditions is 

 found on state land across the Oswegatchie River from the Ranger 

 School. This tract includes untouched virgin forest of great age 

 and dominated by some of the largest and most magnificent pines 

 of the Adirondacks. 



Fig. 10. — Virgin Forest on State Land near Wanakena, N. Y. 

 See description of Station Number 11. Photo by Drake. 



The tree tops, of course, were far beyond our reach, but they 

 may be expected to support many of the insects common to the 

 same trees on the lower stratum of vegetation. The lower stratum 

 consisting of seedlings of the principal forest trees, white pine, 

 spruce, balsam, hemlock, yellow birch, hard and soft maple, beech, 

 wintergreen, ferns, etc., furnished a habitat of quite special 

 features, the most important being a deep bed of forest leaf-debris, 

 humid atmosphere, and almost complete lack of direct sunshine. 

 In this habitat the most frequent Homoptera were Eupteryx flavo- 

 scuta, E. nigra, E. vanduzei, Thamnotettix waldanus, Grapho- 

 cephala coccinea and Gypona octo-lineata, with an occasional 

 Oncopsis fitchi and 0. variahilis, the latter two possibly stragglers 

 drifted down from the more favorable conditions of the tree tops. 

 An aphid, Hormaphis sp., was rather common on yellow birch. 

 The Heteroptera were represented particularly by Miridae — 

 Lygus pahidinus, Bicyphus agilis, D. vestitutus, Macrolopus, sepa- 

 ratus, Diaphnidia capitata, D. pellucida, Phytocoris lasiomerus, 

 Molanocoris filicis, and Camptohrochys dorealis — and a few other 

 forms such as Corythucha paUipes, Nobis rufusculus, N. roseipen- 

 nis, Saldula interstualis and Micrantliia hurnilis. The Saldidae 

 were taken along the bank of a small stream in the deep forest. 



