Pulleys and Conveyors 133 
was the wood formerly used; but, because of increased prices 
and difficulty in obtaining required widths, birch has been 
substituted. Good block wood should be straight-grained and 
easy to work, should air-dry readily, and have a good color 
when covered with shellac. Also it-should not warp, twist, or 
check when cross-cut into small pieces. 
The Adirondack hardwoods and basswood contribute heavily 
to this industry, red gum being the only wood which is not 
native in New York, but in spite of this fact little of this 
wood is reported as homegrown. This industry has nearly 
doubled in amount of lumber used since 1912, while the 
number of manufacturing plants is the same. These facts 
seem to indicate that there has been an increase of industry 
and that metal substitutes are not making an inroad upon 
wood in this field. The average price paid in 1912 was $46.45, 
while in 1919 it was $53.42, a surprisingly small increase. 
Lignum-vitee, beech, and ash were reported in 1912; but these 
are absent now, while basswood and red gum have been 
introduced. 
TABLE 38 
PULLEYS AND CONVEYORS 
Quantity UsEep 
ANNUALLY ey Ee Total cost Grown in |Grown out of 
Kinp oF Woop = |——-—_ - + 000 f. 0. b. New York. | New York. 
een factory | (Feet b. m.) | (Feet b. m.) 
Feet b. m. | Per cent 
otal) t,o? 1,614,000 | 100.00 | $53 42 $86 ,221 33,000 | 1,581,000 
Beets) 700,000 | 43.38 | $66 00 $46,200 18,000 682,000 
Hard maple... _.... 427,000 | 26.46 | 45 04 19 232 15,000 412/000 
Basswood.......... 250,000 | 15.48] 45 00 1a 25Gal, Aes eee 250,000 
Hptarit:2) cc. . : 237,000 | 14.68 | 40 25- 95530) Ics... ae 237/000 
AIRPLANES 
The industry which has made the most rapid strides since 
1912 is airplane construction. In 1912 this industry reported 
31,400 feet of lumber, used by three manufacturers, while in 
1919, 1,427,000 feet are reported as used by five manufac- 
turers. If this study had been made during the war the quan- 
