146 Discussion of Industries 
report but is now superseded by birch and maple, which con- 
tributed equal quantities. Several woods given in the 1912 
table do not now appear, including hickory, ash, basswood, 
walnut oak, mahogany, ebony, and red cedar. Many of these 
woods are now much higher in price than the average cost 
given for those in the table. Rattan and reed used in the whip 
industry are bought by weight and are not included in this 
table. The price for this material ranged from 14 to 32 cents 
per pound, while the hardwoods listed cost $50 per thousand. 
Statistics for canes were included with whips and umbrella 
sticks in the 1912 study, but no wood was reported for this 
use in 1919. 
TABLE 45 
WutpPps AND U'MBRELLA STICKS 
Quantity UsEp 
ANNUALLY mvenee Total cost Grown in |Grown out of 
VEGRESOHY COE MA/CO) 81) 9) COON £:0-1b: New York. | New York. 
Pp feet factory (Feet b. m.) | (Feet b. m.) 
Feet b. m. | Per cent 
Moats. ais sce 250,000 | 100.00 | $50 00 $12,500 250; 0008). secret 
BITCH esc esi evers eer t 100,000 40.00 | $50 00 $5,000 1003000) |) tere cere 
Hard maple... ... 100 , 000 40.00 50 00 5,000 NOOO | As se cocosne 
Beech ngs 1ac oes 50,000 20.00 50 00 2,500 505000) oankee cnet 
Wood bought by weight — Rattan. 
Printing Mareriau 
This industry is relatively unimportant, largely because the 
wood is in the form of small pieces and for small articles. 
Black cherry is the most important wood, as it also was in 
1912, but yellow pine, birch, beech, and hickory, which were 
reported in 1912, were not reported this time. The articles 
included in this industry are printers’ supphes, wood type, 
bases for mounting cuts, electrotype blocks, engraving boards, 
engraving blocks, and printing-press attachments. The essen- 
tials of woods for bases of electrotypes and cuts include the 
qualities of being hard, free from warping, and capable of 
