18 College of Forestry. 
ing his head into the burrow so that the space between 
prothorax and elytra was considerably lessened. Often the 
entire body was held at a considerable angle to the bark 
(Fig. 7) so that the hind legs were of no use in grasping 
the bark and waved about in the air. While in this posi- 
tion the first and second pair of legs, especially the first, 
were used in grasping the bark. 
In working, the male continually pushed his head into 
the opening never taking it entirely out, and with each 
effort the middle legs could be seen to brace themselves just 
outside the edge of the hole while at times the fore legs 
were entirely in the hole (Fig. 7). As he worked he con- 
tinually shifted his position so as gradually to encircle the 
opening. During this time the worker was often annoyed 
by other individuals, usually females. These usually, how- 
ever, merely felt around with their antennae, but on one 
oeeasion a female butted into him with her head several 
times, causing him to back out of his burrow and move off 
for a short distance. The female then examined the hole 
rather casually and went away, whereupon the male 
resumed his labors. 
By 4:40 p. mu. the burrow had advanced till about two- 
thirds of the prothorax was covered. The fore legs were 
now entirely in the hole (Fig.7) and were used in passing 
cut the frass which was received by the mesothoracie legs and 
pushed away. At 4:45 p. mM. a female again came but the 
male merely waved his legs and did not remove his head 
from the burrow. Two minutes later another male 
happened along. He felt about for a few seconds and then 
butted into the working male and appeared to grasp one of 
his second pair of legs in his mandibles. The worker then 
backed out of the hole hurriedly and began wandering 
about aimlessly on the bark. The disturber poked his head 
into the hole and likewise wandered off. Observations for 
the day then ceased and were not resumed till two days 
later. 
On March 15th at 8:00 4a. mM. six burrows were well 
started in the same piece examined Saturday. All but one 
