Development of the Vegetation of New York State 68 
belt of prevailing westerly winds with its alternation of cy- 
clones and anti-cyclones in which the glaciated regions are 
situated.” 
Again, p. 348, “ In New York the areas to the south and 
east of Lakes Erie and Ontario constitute distinet, wide cli- 
matic provinces with longer growing season than more south- 
erly parts of the State and constitute the great apple, grape 
and nursery growing areas for which the State is famous. 
In more restricted areas, adjacent to the narrow Finger 
Lakes of Central New York, the same climatic relations 
make possible the very successful growing of grapes.” 
A study of the relief map of New York, p. 52 and of 
Wilson’s frost data maps (bulletin cited, Figs. 158,* 139, 
140) and his map showing climatic divisions of New York 
(1. e. fig. 151) will be instructive in this connection. It is 
to be noted from these: 
1. That the influence of Lake Ontario is felt farther 
inland by reason of the wide extent of the lowlands of 
the Ontario-Iroquois basin. 
2. That in the case of Lake Erie the nearness of the 
Alleghany plateau to the lake restricts, by the factor 
of elevation, the zone of moderated climate. 
3. That the extension of southerly species of plants 
would be favored across the plateau region by the mod- 
erating influence of the larger finger lakes as well as 
by the factors of dissection and elevation referred to 
on page 60. 
Does the Native Vegetation Reflect This Moderating 
Influence of the Lakes? 
A closer analysis of floristic data is desired before an 
elaborate answer can be given, but my own observations in 
the field reinforced by citations of species from local floras 
seem to warrant the following: 
1. The general occurrence of oak, hickory and chest- 
nut on well-drained soils, the number of species of both 
1 Reproduced here by permission, fig. 2. 
