74 College of Forestry. 
jack-in-the-pulpit, wild leek, yellow adder’s tongue, false 
spikenard, bellworts, solomon’s seal, indian cucumber root, 
large-flowered trillium, ill-scented trillium, showy orchis, 
wild ginger, carolina spring-beauty, red baneberry, white 
baneberry, wild columbine, tall anemone, hepatica, tufted 
buttercup, early meadow-rue, blue cohosh, twin leaf, may 
apple, bloodroot, dutechman’s breeches, squirrel corn, pepper 
root, two-leaved toothwort, false mitrewort, bishop’s cap, 
barren strawberry, downy yellow violet, striped violet, long- 
spurred violet, american spikenard, ginseng, ground-nut, 
anise-root (sweet cicely), indian pipe and beech drops. 
DistripuTion 1n New York. 
Tendeney to recurrence upon every favorable edaphic sit- 
uation throughout the State up to more or less 2000 feet 
(Catskills) excepting, in general, the Adirondacks, but dom- 
inant over the Alleghany plateau region and the Catskills 
below the spruce-balsam zone. 
Frostless period in general 130 to 150 days. 
More or less arbitrarily distinguished from the maple, 
beech, birch, hemlock containing (and often dominated) 
Adirondacks and Catskills by absence (generally) of red 
spruce, balsam, white birch ete., on the one hand and 
presence of certain species of Zone B which are lacking in 
the Adirondacks. 
Similar extensions in mountains of New England, the 
Maritime Provinces and especially the St. Lawrence region 
of Quebee and Ontario (but peninsular Ontario is strongly 
hike Zone B) and Michigan and Wisconsin. 
D. Canadian-Transition Zone. 
Dominance of maple, beech, yellow birch, hemlock, white 
pine as in Zone C, but addition and tendency to dominance 
in special situations and, especially at greater elevations, 
of red spruce, balsam, paper birch, mountain ash, ete. Fur- 
ther characterized by absence of oaks (few exceptions), hick- 
