158 College of Forestry 
feeds on small water fleas, and probably algze, worms, embryo 
fishes, insects, and fresh-water copepods. Later in life the 
fish seeks larger crustaceans, and the adults occasionally con- 
tain fragments of mussel shells. The young fish have been 
caught under the ice in midwinter, and are known to pass 
most of the year in fresh water.” This sturgeon was kept 
in confinement at the Linlithgo Hatchery Station im 1911 
and fed on pond snails and crawfish. They consumed the 
snails in large quantities (op. cit. p. 192). The species of 
mollusks which form the food of this sturgeon in the ponds 
of the Linhthgo Hatchery have been identified as Vivipara 
contectoides, Lymnea (G alba) catascoptum, and Planorbis 
trivolvis (Bean, 1914, p. 339). No percentages are given 
and as the Lake Sturgeon is largely a mollusk eater, the 
Short-nosed Sturgeon is estimated to use at least 25 per cent. 
of this food. 
* Accipenser rubicundus LeSueur. Lake Sturgeon. 
“Sturgeons are bottom feeders, using their hard beaks to 
stir up the mud in their search for pret Stomachs of stur- 
geons have been found to contain worms, mollusks, insect 
larvee, small fishes, and aquatic plants. In the Great Lakes, 
Milner found the food to consist almost entirely of fresh- 
water snails (Gasteropoda). Crayfishes and insect larvee are 
also eaten by them and the eggs of fishes have been occasion- 
ally found in their stomachs, though not in quantity sufficient 
to justify the charge of destructive spawn-eating sometimes 
made” (Forbes and Richardson, pp. 22, 25). Bean (1912, 
p. 268) says: “ The food of this sturgeon is made up chiefly 
of shellfish, including the genera Limnea (Lymnea), 
Melantho (Campeloma), Physa, Planorbis, and Valvata. 
Eggs of fishes are also to be found in its stomach.” 
Amia calva Linnaeus. Dogfish ; Bowfin; Grindle. 
The food (Forbes, 1888, a, p. 463) of this distinctly bot- 
tom feeder may be summarized as follows, the data being 
