264 College of Forestry 
Crass GASTROPODA. 
ORDER PROSOBRANCHIATA, 
FamiIny VIVIPARID®. 
Genus Vivipara Lamarck. 
30. Vivipara contectoides W. G. Binney. Fig. 46, Nos. 
sD 
This large, handsome snail was abundant at two stations 
and common at two other stations. All were sandy and pro- 
tected from violent wave action. ‘This snail is characteristic 
of the Mississippi Valley, extending from Michigan to 
Arkansas and from South Carolina to Florida. It is said 
by Lewis to have been colonized from Illinois (1874, p. 
137). It is abundant in the Erie Canal at Rochester and 
Syracuse and is now known to inhabit Oneida Lake, doubt- 
less brought there by way of the new Barge Canal and the 
Oneida River. It is not mentioned by Walton (1891), 
Letson (1905) does not give a locality, and Beauchamp 
fails to record it in the Onondaga list. It must, therefore, 
be a more or less recent addition to the Oneida Lake fauna. 
It will be interesting to know whether it is found in the 
astern part cf the lake. It was observed living only in the 
outlet and Oneida River. Females dissected in September 
were observed to contain young with fully formed shells, 
apparently ready for birth. The young of the Viviparide 
are born alive, unlike those of Lymnea, and other snails, 
which develop from eggs deposited in the water and attached 
to some object. Contectoides is eaten by the Short-nosed 
Sturgeon.  Vivipara, species not indicated, is eaten by: 
Dogfish, Small-mouth Buffalo, Common Red Horse, Short- 
headed Red Horse, Channel-eat, Yellow Bullhead, Common 
Pullhead, Bluegill. 
