42 THIRTY-THIRD ANNUAL REPORT OF THE 
the “False Orange” or Fly Agaric, Agaricus muscarius. Agaricus 
aurantius Bull. and Amanita aurantia, Pers., are given as synonyms. 
Agaricus spretus, P&. Despised Agaric. Pileus subovate, then 
convex or expanded, smooth or at first adorned with a few fragments 
of the volva, slightly striate on the margin, whitish or pale-brown; 
lamellz close, reaching the stem, white ; stem equal, smooth, slightly 
pruinose above the white annulus, stuffed or hollow, whitish, auaty 
striate at the top, inserted at the base in the rather large persistent 
membranous somewhat sheathing volva ; spores elliptical, .0004 in. to 
.0005 in. long, .00025 in. to .0003 in. broad, generally containing a 
single large nucleus. 
Plant 4 in. to 6 in. high, pileus 3 in. to 5 in. broad, stem 4 lines 
to 6 lines thick. August. 
This species occurs in bushy or open places and seems to prefer a 
dry gravelly or sandy soil. It is not common. It sometimes grows in 
clusters and then has the pileus more or less irregular. The stria- 
tions of the margin of the pileus are rather short and not always 
deep and distinct. The lamelle reach the stem and form little de- 
current lines at its apex. The stem is without any bulb at its base, 
which is more or less sheathed by the persistent volva much as in A. 
vaginatus. In light sandy soil the stem penetrates the earth quite 
deeply. The whole plant issometimes white, but often the pileus and 
stem are tinged with brown. It appears to be related in some respects 
to A. porphyrius and A. recutitus, but it differs from both in its co!- 
oration and in other characters. 
Agaricus phalloides, #r. Phallus-like Agaric. Pileus at first ovate 
or subeampanulate, then expanded, slightly viscid when young and 
moist, smooth or rarely adorned by afew fragments of the volva, even on 
the margin, white, yellowish-brown or blackish-brown ; lamella rather 
broad, rounded behind, free, white; stem equal or slightiy tapering 
upward, stuffed‘or hollow, smooth or slightly floccose, annulate, bulbous, 
the ruptured volva either appressed loose or merely forming a narrow 
margin to the bulb; spores globose, .0003 in to .09033 in.) broad. 
Plant 4 in. to & in. high, pileus 2 in. to 5 in broad, stem 5 to 
6 lines thick. Summer and Autumn. 7 
This species is common and variable. It occurs everywhere in woods 
and assumes such different colors that the inexperienced mycologist 
is apt to mistake its different forms for distinct species, With us the 
prevailing colors of the pileus are white, yellowish-white, grayish-brown 
and blackish-brown. It isremarkable that the form with a greenish 
pileus, which seems to be common enough in Europe, does not occur 
here. Fries also mentions a form having a white pileus with a black disk. 
A somewhat similar form occurs here, in which the pileus is grayish- 
brown.with a black disk. Some of the variously-colored forms were 
formerly taken to be distinct species, in consequence of which several 
synonyms have arisen, of which A. virescens, Fl. Dan., Amanitd viridis, 
Pers,, and Amanita citrina, Pers., are examples. A. vernus, Bull, isa 
variety having a white pileus, arather thick annulus and an appressed 
volva. Itsometimes occurs early in the season; hence the specific 
name. It also occurs late in the season and runs into the typical 
form so that it is not easy to keep it distinct. The flesh and the 
lamellae are white, the stem is white, pallid or brownish, and the 
annulus is either white or brownish. The bulb is generally very broad 
ak ts - 7 . an mie 
