2 TRANSACTIONS OF ROYAL SCOTTISH ARBORICULTURAL SOCIETY. 
the sake of saving time, I adopt those of the Board of Trade for 
the cultivated areas, and the Ordnance Survey for the other details. 
In order to find the total area suitable and available for the 
profitable growing of timber, we have to deduct the area under 
crops of all kinds, woodlands, gardens, nurseries, towns, villages, 
houses, railways, roads, and water, as also those portions of our 
glens and mountain sides that are profitably grazed by sheep and 
deer. This done, we will have found the actual area of waste 
land ; I mean waste in comparison to what it might be if suitably 
employed. From this area we must deduct all high-lying exposed 
parts of our hills and mountains, quite unsuitable for the profit- 
able growing, or even the growth, of any kind of timber. This 
latter is regulated not so much by the height as by the distance 
inland, and the position of the mountain ranges, whether lying 
across the track of the prevailing winds of the district or along 
their path. Very good examples of this fact are to be met with 
at Rothiemurchus, Abernethy, Duthil, and Braemar, where the 
pine is to be found flourishing at an altitude of over 2000 feet 
above sea-level; and also in a large track of country in the county 
of Aberdeen, from near Huntly to Alford. Many more instances 
could be mentioned to illustrate this point, but enough has been 
given for our purpose. 
I now come to the figures. As already stated, the total area 
of Scotland is computed to be 19,496,133 acres imperial, of which, 
according to the Board of Trade Returns, Ordnance Survey, ete., 
4,739,000 acres are under crops of all kinds, including grass ; 
under woods, 830,000 acres ; and gardens, orchards, and nurseries, 
6920 acres; while towns, houses, roads, railways, paths, and walls 
take up 1,093,300 acres; water, lakes, rivers, etc., 1,026,337 
acres; and 1,260,021 acres are profitably grazed by sheep and 
deer ; thus leaving 10,540,855 acres to be accounted for as semi- 
waste land. Of this latter area a large portion falls to be deducted 
as of no value for growing any kind of timber, viz., that portion 
of our island directly exposed to the storms from the Atlantic 
and North Sea, and the tops of mountains too high and exposed 
for the growth of timber. This portion alone takes up 1,950,000 
acres or thereby, including in its area all the highest slopes of our 
northern and eastern seaboard, leaving 8,590,855 acres or thereby 
worth less, at the present moment, than 2s. per imperial acre. 
But we have here again to make a rather curious but important 
deduction, viz., those roads and strips of waste so very common 
