154 TRANSACTIONS OF ROYAL SCOTTISH ARBORICULTURAL SOCIETY. 
Hollies of various kinds are very suitable for planting in cities, 
but they are not to be recommended for using in densely populated 
districts. For a time they may and do succeed, but they ultimately 
begin to show signs of distress by the tips of the branches dying 
off bit by bit. The dwarf variety of the common holly is one of 
the best for smoky districts, where it grows freely, and looks bright 
and healthy, often in most objectionable quarters. It succeeds 
much better than any of the others in the London squares 
and parks, while it is valuable in the more confined parts of 
Liverpool and Manchester. In Glasgow and Edinburgh it also 
grows freely. 
Two other species at least do well where they are not subjected 
to an inordinate amount of smoke. ‘These are 7. Balearica and I. 
Hodginsti, two very distinct and desirable hollies. 
SHRUBS. 
Of these there is rather a long list of kinds that are suitable for 
planting in smoky localities. Evidently deciduous species possess 
an advantage over evergreen kinds in the total annual renewal of 
their leaves ; and hence it follows that, as with trees, deciduous 
shrubs should have the preference. 
The following list includes only such kinds as have been proved 
suitable for town planting :— 
Osmanthus ilicifolius is one of the handsomest of evergreen 
shrubs, and also one of the few that succeed in a satisfactory way 
when subjected to the impurities of a town atmosphere. In the 
smokiest districts of both London and Liverpool, it is unquestion- 
ably the best all-round shrub. The holly-like leaves are thick and 
of firm substance, and the inconspicuous yellowish-green flowers are 
also much like those of the holly. 
Ligustrum coriaceum is a fitting companion to the last, so far 
at least as its powers of withstanding the effects of an impure 
atmosphere are concerned. Being an evergreen, it is peculiarly 
weil suited for planting in the town garden, where it grows with 
great freedom. It is easily managed, not particular as regards 
soil, is readily increased, and bears trimming in with perfect 
impunity. 
Aucuba japonica.—This well-known evergreen shrub is of great 
value for planting in urban districts, it being able to do battle 
with a more than ordinary amount of atmospheric impurities. For 
