ON THE CEDAR OF LEBANON, ETC. 213 
covered with flowers; it occupied the top of a mountain on the 
right hand of the road. Lastly, since the occupation of Algeria by 
the French, this tree has been found in each of the three provinces, 
Alger, Oran, and Constantine. There are forests of it, several 
square leagues in extent, on the mountains of Ouarenseris, situated 
in the province of Oran. There is also a magnificent forest of 
cedars not far from Algiers, near Blidah, which covers about 
12,644 acres. 
Authors, such as Baudrillart, who say that Pallas found the Cedar 
of Lebanon on the Altaian mountains in Siberia, are mistaken. 
Pallas does not mention it in his Flora Rossica, and they must 
have been misled by the common name of the Pinus cembra, 
called ‘‘ Kedr” in Russian, a tree which is common on the Altaian 
mountains; besides, the cedar could not stand the Siberian frost. 
The Cedar of Lebanon has hitherto been only found a native 
of warm climates, and there only on the highest slopes of the 
mountains. Those on Mount Lebanon are at an elevation where 
the snow lies for a long time, and where there are no habitations. 
The large cedar forest in Atlas, near Blidah, is more than 1200 
feet above sea-level. In Europe this tree has been successfully 
cultivated, even in Scotland, where Loudon mentions (Arboretum, 
vol. iv., p. 2427) some from 3 to 5 feet in diameter. They 
have succeeded in growing it in Saxony, since, according to 
Loudon, there was one at Worlitz planted sixteen years before, and 
which was 25 feet in height. 
The cedar appears to be sensitive to severe cold, and to the 
alternations from frost to thaw so common in temperate climates, 
as for example in France. Varennes de Fenille, in the article 
‘“‘Tarix orientalis,” in his Memoire sur ladministration forestiere 
(vol. ii, p. 447), says—“the winter of 1789, which was so 
severe, killed most of the young cedars, whether they were covered 
with snow or not; and though many of the large cedars survived, 
they lost their leaves but put out new ones. All my cedars, the 
oldest of which were planted in 1804, lost their leaves in the spring 
of 1840, in consequence of a very mild February, which set the 
sap flowing, being followed by very cold weather in March; they 
became brown and fell off; but by far the largest number of cedars, 
both in my neighbourhood and in the other central parts of France, 
kept their leaves, as, for example, at two leagues distant, the cedar 
at Courteilles did not suffer at all from the change from a high 
temperature to a low one.” 
