226 TRANSACTIONS OF ROYAL SCOTTISH ARBORICULTURAL SOCIETY. 
where the plough has not been able to turn over the uneven 
ground, 
Experience has shown that in hollows the blackwoods suffer 
and even die from the severer frosts, so we now keep them chiefly 
to the slopes and higher grounds, where the frosts do them little 
or no harm. 
Robinias do not perceptibly suffer from frosts, but do not like 
marshy or low ground, where, even if they grow at first, many 
plants subsequently die out. 
I have planted poplars on high ground with good success, but 
none do so well as those planted in low ground with good surface 
natural drainage. 
I have also planted a few paraisos ; they do fairly well; also a 
few sorts of coniferee, some blue gums, and others eucalypti, 
catalpas, mulberries (from cuttings), and many other trees, some 
few indigenous, but only a few of each sort. Lately I have 
planted out one hundred or more young English oaks from acorns 
produced by some few older oaks on the place, and purpose con- 
tinuing the plantation of these, of mulberry cuttings, and of 
cuttings of Carolina poplar (cotton wood?), which grows very 
fast, and which I think a convenient plant to put in where young 
transplanted trees have failed; a man can easily and quickly fill 
in gaps with cuttings, but to fill in gaps with young rooted trees 
is a long and costly job. 
Acacia mollissima or dealbata (silver wattle) grows wonder- 
fully fast, but is troublesome to rear as a young plant; the same 
is true of the Eucalyptus family. Acacia lophantha grows par- 
ticularly fast, but I fear will not suit: I planted out 1000 
rather well-grown plants in August 1889, and am informed that 
all subsequently died, probably, or certainly, from a severe 
succession of frosts. 
Economic Reasons for and against certain Trees.—I want trees 
to give shelter to stock, to yield serviceable posts for wire-fencing, 
and timber for hut or rancho building, and roofs thereof, and 
eventually perhaps planking for various purposes, also for fire- 
wood. Robinias give excellent durable posts at ten or twelve 
years old; if the tree is cut in proper season it grows up quickly 
from the roots. It yields trifling shelter in winter-time, but its 
topwood is excellent for firing. It is not very greatly persecuted 
by the black leaf-cutting ant, or by other insects. 
Blackwood gives excellent shelter, being evergreen, and is very 
