THE FOREST SCHOOL AT EBERSWALDE. 249 
reports are passed by the director, and are then pasted into a book 
placed in the reading-room of the academy, and prove of great 
value for reference, as well as for furnishing information to the 
students of the other course, the two courses having each a set of 
excursions distinct from each other, the first course excursions being 
of a more elementary character than those of the second. Frequent 
visits to the botanic garden are also made during the summer 
session under the professors of botany, when the various trees and 
shrubs are in flower, and their different characteristics pointed out, 
or a number of specimens may be laid down with numbers attached, 
and the students required to write down the names in their note- 
books, the professors afterwards reading out the names.! 
The course of study at the academy extends over two years, or 
four sessions, beyond which a student is not allowed to remain, 
except under exceptional circumstances. The summer session 
begins at Easter and finishes at the latter end of August. The 
winter session begins in October and finishes a fortnight before 
Easter, a week at Whitsuntide and Christmas being the only inter- 
sessional holidays allowed. The instruction given in these two 
years is very comprehensive, and includes subjects in the funda- 
mental, technical, and accessory branches. Under the first-named 
are comprised physics, meteorology and mechanics, chemistry, 
mineralogy and geology, botany, zoology, and mathematics. The 
technical subjects taken up are the history and literature of forests, 
position of forestry in political and rural economy, regeneration 
of forests, preservation and utilisation of forests and forest pro- 
duce, forest mensuration and valuation, forest statistics, forest 
politics and administration, and redemption of forest ground 
rights. The accessory are civil law, forest roads and timber 
transport, the chase and fish-breeding. The fundamental and 
accessory subjects are not gone into further than their bearing on 
forestry necessitates, while much of the former division has been 
imparted to the student in a general way before he reaches the 
academy. 
The conditions under which candidates for the State service are 
admitted to the academy are fairly strict, but are not connected 
1Jn addition to these local excursions, a more protracted one, lasting 
about a fortnight, is undertaken at the close of the summer session of every 
alternate year, the locality chosen being one in which different methods of 
culture and varieties of soil exist which are not represented in the vicinity 
of the academy. 
