326 TRANSACTIONS OF ROYAL SCOTTISH ARBORICULTURAL SOCIETY. 
to do three-quarters of an acre per day of ten hours, seeding as he 
goes along; but the method can be made more economical by a boy 
sowing the seed after every two men. Where the ground is not 
covered with heath or herbage to any extent, broadcast sowing may 
be resorted to with good effect, especially on the face of steep 
slopes, and among disintegrating rocks. The action of natural 
agencies will soon cover the most of the seeds thus sown. 
Sowing may be performed from January to June, according to 
the species, beginning with oak, mountain ash, ete., and ending 
with Scots elm, the seeds of which should be taken fresh from the 
tree about the middle of June. It requires at least ten times the 
number of seeds as that of plants to stock the same area of ground. 
On an average 2 lbs. of seed is sufficient for an imperial acre. 
When sown broadcast, the seeds should be mixed with some 
foreign substance to enable this small quantity (2 lbs.) to be 
properly spread over so large an area. Any friable substance will 
do for this purpose, provided the seeds are evenly mixed with it. 
Pine seeds should only be sown in the drier soils, such as those 
having good natural drainage, or on soils properly drained by 
artificial means. 
Cost of Planting.—The cost of planting will be more clearly 
understood in tabular form, taking as our basis 640 acres, or one 
square mile, but a larger area costs proportionately less for fencing. 
On each acre the following average of plants and seed should be 
used :—50 hardwoods, 1000 larch, 3000 Scots fir, 250 Norway 
spruce, 100 silver fir, and seed as per table. In order to show a 
v, etc., it is better that the cost 
top) 
of three sizes of plants should be given, as below. 
comparison of the cost of plantin 
TABLE I, 
Four miles fencing, various, with gates, . ; 2 ; + -LBSOMO RD 
Cost of draining, average, ¢ ; F 3 5 ; 25 s0in0 
Cost of clearing land of rank ence: , 30 0 0 
£405 0 0 
30,000 Hardwoods, various, at 7s. per 1000, . £1010 0 
600,000 Larch, 2 year-seedlings, at 10s. per 1000, 800 0 0 
1,800,000 Scots fir, 2 year-seedlings, at 4s. ,, . 3860 0 O 
150,000 Spruce, 2 year-seedlings, at 3s.6d.,, . 26 5 0 
60,000 Silver fir, 2 year-seedlings, at 6s. ,, . 18 0 0 
—_-—— 714 15 0 
Carry forward, 7 y £19 oO 
