354 TRANSACTIONS OF ROYAL SCOTTISH ARBORICULTURAL SOCIETY. 
condition, being fully double the quantity imported in its raw 
state. This is a condition to be regretted on many grounds. The 
amount of money represented in the manufacturing cannot be less 
than £3,000,000, a sum which one would think might easily be 
conserved to our own workmen. The cost of freight for waste 
and superfluous wood is saved when it is in a manufactured state, 
but the superiority of our workmen, and the greater excellence of 
their workmanship, should and does more than compensate for this 
item. This has been proved by years of practical experience in 
the large quantities of manufactured flooring and lining that is 
sent to the Australian markets, not from Sweden, but from Scot- 
land, the timber being first imported from Sweden into Scotland, 
prepared here, and then exported again to Australia. 
It may be interesting to look at the enormous development 
of the import of manufactured timber in the past thirty years. 
Although statistics of any value are difficult to procure, we have 
been able to get a fairly approximate table for London, which 
represents something like one-fifth of the whole country, and which 
may therefore give a fair idea of the whole. The increase in the 
total imports has been practically steady and continuous, but, 
looking at the raw timber by itself, it has remained stationary, or 
has had a backward tendency. For 1860, the number of loads 
of hewn timber was 233,000; for 1890, the number of loads of 
similar timber was 219,700. The quantity of sawn or manufactured 
timber bears a very marked contrast with this. In 1860, manu- 
factured timber was imported to the extent of 7,125,000 pieces, 
while in 1890 they had grown to no less than 33,198,000 pieces. 
This advance has been a gradual one throughout the thirty 
years, each year as nearly as possible adding 10 per cent. to its 
predecessor. 
We have given the total imports for 1890, viz., 7,056,688 loads. 
Deducting from this 507,058 loads of furniture woods from various 
countries, 6,549,630 loads remain of the more common supplies. 
These imports, chiefly drawn from Scandinavia, Russia, Germany, 
and British North America, are made up as follows :— 
Scandinavia, ; i ; 2,648,666 loads, 
[Rg OA eae : ; ; aa Sy fe Ge ow 
Germany, ; ; ; 287,482 ,, 
British North America, . ; 1,866,671  ,, 
All other countries, 4 : 733,637 ,, 
