29 



protect their property- from the attacks of the waves 

 by building sea-walls of stone or buttresses of wooden 

 piling. 



On the following Saturday we went to Edge water 

 Park, west of the city, and again studied the work of 

 the waves there. The beach was similar, so that we 

 could review the preceding lesson by seeing the same 

 forces at work at another point. 



At the extreme western end of the park, however, 

 the beach ends abruptly against cliffs of shale which 

 rise perpendicularl}' from the water. No finer example 

 of a sea-cliff could be found along the lakes. 



We were able to go along its base for a short 

 distance, by walking up a narrow rock shelf; and a 

 still lower shelf could be seen projecting out beneath 

 the water. Sea-caves Avere abundant; and lying in 

 them were heaps of rock fragments, the tools which 

 the waves had used to hollow them out. 



Here we used the clinometer, to see the slight 

 eastward dip of the strata of shale; and the aneroid 

 barometer gave us the height of the clift. We also ex- 

 amined the thin layer of drift overWing the shale, and 

 found drift boulders mixed with the fragments of 

 native rock in the pebble beach. 



About midway of the sand beach the shales dis- 

 appeared, because they had been cut away by the Pre- 

 glacial Cuyahoga, and the old valley had been filled 

 with the delta sand. 



Each of these excursions to the lake was attended 

 bj' about one hundred pupils, the cost was inapprecia- 

 ble, and each occupied but a Saturday afternoon. 



How much more profitable is it to know our home 

 region, in such a way that we have only to go outside 

 the walls of our school rooms, to see how the great 

 physiographic processess have given to the lands their 

 familiar form and outline ? When we can do this, then 

 shall we be prepared to see other regions with relation 

 to their origin and development. New interest will be 

 aroused in proportion as we gain power to interpret 



